游泳运动在干预2型糖尿病大鼠认知功能和海马形态结构中的作用及可能机制  

The Effcets and Possible Mechanisms of Swimming on Cognitive Function and Morphological Structure of Hippocampus from Type 2 Diabetic Rats

作　　者：刘艳秋 侯改霞[2] 习雪峰[2] 王勇 LIU Yan-qiu;HOU Gai-xia;XI Xue-feng;WANG Yong(School of Physical Education and Health,Sanming University,Sanming365004,China;College of Physical Education,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]三明学院体育与康养学院,福建三明365004 [2]河南大学体育学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《三明学院学报》2021年第3期1-7,共7页Journal of Sanming University

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J01716);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(14B890010)。

摘　　要：目的:观察和探讨游泳运动在干预2型糖尿病大鼠海马形态结构和认知功能中的作用及可能机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠分为正常组(C)、糖尿病组(D)、糖尿病运动组(DS)。DS组大鼠进行无负重游泳运动,每周运动5d,休息2d,干预共12周。HE染色观察大鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞的形态结构,新物体识别实验评价大鼠学习记忆,免疫组织化学检测海马CA1区AGEs含量,Western blot检测大鼠海马RAGE、NOX2的蛋白表达,RT-PCR检测海马NF-κB m RNA表达,比色法检测大鼠海马MDA、GSSG/GSH。结果:与正常组(C组)相比,2型糖尿病大鼠(D组)海马CA1区的锥体细胞排列紊乱,细胞肿胀,胶质细胞增生,细胞间隙增宽等;海马CA1区AGEs集聚增多(P<0.01),海马RAGE和NOX2蛋白表达增多(P<0.01),海马MDA、GSSG/GSH显著升高(P﹤0.01),NF-κB m RNA表达显著升高(P<0.01),糖尿病大鼠认知指数(RI)显著降低(P<0.01)。与糖尿病组(D组)相比,游泳运动降低了2型糖尿病大鼠海马CA1区AGEs的集聚(P﹤0.05),海马RAGE和NOX2蛋白表达下降(P﹤0.05),海马MDA、GSSG/GSH显著下降(P﹤0.05或P<0.01),NF-κB mRNA表达下降(P﹤0.05),糖尿病大鼠海马CA1区的锥体细胞的形态结构趋于正常,糖尿病大鼠认知指数(RI)得到提高(P﹤0.05)。结论:12周游泳运动在改善糖尿病大鼠认知功能及海马形态结构方面起着一定的作用,其机制可能与运动可以降低2型糖尿病大鼠海马CA1区AGEs的集聚,进而减弱AGEs/RAGE/NOX2/氧化应激/NF-κB信号通路有关。Objective This study observed and explored the effects and the possible mechanism of swimming on hippocampal morphology and cognitive function from type 2 diabetic rats. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group(C), diabetic model group(D), diabetes + exercise group(DS). The rats of DS group were forced to swim 5 days a week for 12 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the morphological structure of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 region of rats. Newobject recognition experiment was used to evaluate learning and memory of rats.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the content of AGEs in hippocampal CA1 region. Western blot was used to detect the expression of RAGE and NOX2 in hippocampus of rats. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of NF-κ B in hip pocampus. Colorimetric method was used to detect MDA and GSSG/GSH. Results Compared with the group C, pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area of group D were disordered, cell swelling, glial cell proliferation and cell gap widening, and AGEs aggregation in hippocampal CA1, RAGE and NOX2 protein expression, MDA, GSSG/GSH, NF-κ B mRNA in hippocampus of group D were increased significantly( P < 0.01), and the cognitive index(RI) of group D decreased significantly(P < 0.01). Compared with the group D, AGEs aggregation in hippocampal CA1, RAGE and NOX2 protein expression,MDA, GSSG/GSH, NF-κ B mRNA in hippocampus of group DS were decreased significantly( P< 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the morphological structure of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 region of group D tended to be normal, and the cognitive index(RI) of diabetic rats was improved( P < 0.05). Conclusion 12-week swimming played an important role in improving the cognitive function and hippocampal morphology of diabetic rats. The mechanism may be related to the decrease of AGEs concentration in CA1 area of hippocampus, and then the decrease of AGEs/RAGE/NOX2/oxidative stress/NF-kappa B signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic rats.

关 键 词：游泳训练 2型糖尿病 海马 AGES 认知功能 

分 类 号：R455[医药卫生—运动医学]