钴/碳纳米纤维复合材料的制备及吸波性能研究  

Preparation of Co/Carbon Nanofiber Composites and Study on Their Microwave Absorption Properties

作　　者：魏武超 梁亮亮 张子强 刘庆雷[1] WEI Wuchao;LIANG Liangliang;ZHANG Ziqiang;LIU Qinglei(The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2021年第6期432-440,共9页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51672175,51772187,51271116);上海市科委基础研究项目(18JC1410500,17ZR1441400,17520710600);国家国际科技合作专项(2017YFE0113000)。

摘　　要：现代电子产业的不断发展,对吸波材料提出了“薄、宽、轻、强”的综合要求。开发出一种轻质高效、制备工艺简单、成本低廉的新型复合碳基吸波材料具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。以来源丰富的可再生资源——细菌纤维素(BC)为碳源,利用其表面丰富的含氧官能团吸附Co^(2+),再经冷冻干燥与一步碳热还原制备出钴/碳纳米纤维复合材料。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和矢量网络分析仪(VNA)等对钴/碳纳米纤维复合材料的微观结构、物相成份、磁性能和电磁参数进行表征,并通过反射率计算对其微波吸收性能进行研究。研究结果表明,当碳化温度为700℃时,该纳米纤维复合材料与石蜡混合物在低负载(质量分数为~3%)、薄厚度(4.5 mm)下的反射损耗为-43.6 dB。With the development of electronics industry,microwave absorbing materials with comprehensive characters of being“thin,wide,light and strong”are highly expected.It is theoretically and practically important to develop a new type of carbon-based absorbing composite material with light weight,high efficiency,simple preparation process and low cost.Here,as a naturally rich and renewable resource,bacterial cellulose(BC),whose surface is rich in oxygen-containing groups for capturing Co^(2+),is used as a carbon precursor to prepare Co/carbon nanofiber composite by freeze-drying and one-step carbothermal reduction.Field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),Raman spectroscopy(Raman),X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS),vibration sample magnetometer(VSM)and vector network analyzer(VNA)etc.are used to characterize the microstructure,phase composition,magnetic properties and electromagnetic parameters of the Co/carbon nanofiber composites,and the reflection loss is calculated to study the microwave absorption performance.At the carbonization temperature of 700℃,the Co/C/parafin sample with a thickness of 4.5 mm and a low mass loading of~3%has a minimum reflection loss of-43.6 dB.

关 键 词：细菌纤维素 碳纳米纤维 金属Co纳米粒子 碳热还原 吸波性能 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]