人工智能时代算法行政的公共性审视——基于“人机关系”的视野  

On the Publicity of Algorithm Administration in the Age of Artificial Intelligence——Based on the View of“Human-Computer Relationship”

作　　者：王张华[1] 颜佳华[1] WANG Zhanghua;YAN Jiahua(School of Public Administration,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学公共管理学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《探索》2021年第4期82-95,共14页Probe

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“新兴技术企业参与数字政府建设的机制研究”(20YBQ097),项目负责人:王张华;湘潭市哲学社会科学基金重点项目“党建引领基层社会治理智能化的逻辑及实现路径”(2021ZK17),项目负责人:王张华。

摘　　要：人工智能与公共行政融合的不断加深,推动着公共行政范式向“算法行政”转换。从人机关系视野来看,算法行政最为突出的特征是人工智能体嵌入以及人类(公共管理者)角色被替代,人类必须在场的传统公共行政范式面临重构,人类不必在场的情景越来越多,使得围绕人类所建构的“人际秩序”逐渐被围绕智能技术所建构的“机器秩序”取代。人类的主体角色和理性价值开始被弱化,潜在滑向算法支配的隐忧,存在公共性流失的可能。为确保算法行政朝着改进公共治理绩效、提升公共治理价值以及优化公共利益分配的目标行进,需要高扬人类中心主义的价值旗帜,塑造人机和谐共生的链接机制,划定算法介入治理的现实边界,搭建智能算法向善的平台系统。With the deepening of the integration of artificial intelligence and public administration,it promotes the transformation of public administration paradigm to“algorithmic administration”.From the perspective of“human-computer relationship”,the most prominent feature of algorithmic administration is that artificial agent is embedded and human(Public Manager)role is replaced.The traditional paradigm of public administration that human“must be present”is facing reconstruction,and there are more and more scenarios that human“do not have to be present”,so that the“interpersonal order”constructed around human is gradually replaced by the“machine order”constructed around intelligent technology.The main role and rational value of human beings begin to be weakened,which leads to the hidden worry of“algorithm domination”and the possibility of loss of publicity.In order to ensure that algorithmic administration is moving towards the goal of improving the performance of public governance,enhancing the value of public governance and optimizing the distribution of public interests,we need to hold high the value banner of“Anthropocentrism”,shape the link mechanism of“human-computer harmonious coexistence”,delimit the realistic boundary of“algorithm intervention in governance”,and build a platform system of“intelligent algorithm for good”.

关 键 词：人工智能 算法行政 公共性 人机关系 

分 类 号：D633[政治法律—政治学]