企业领办型农民合作社新发展模式若干重要问题的讨论  

Research on the Mechanism of New Development Mode of Enterprise-led Cooperatives

作　　者：刘学侠[1] 温啸宇 LIU Xuexia;WEN Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院),北京100091

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2021年第6期47-59,共13页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新时代乡村振兴中农民组织化建设研究”(编号:20BJL081);中央党校(国家行政学院)2020年度校(院)级一般科研项目“城镇化高质量发展的指标体系研究”(编号:2020YB016)。

摘　　要：企业领办型合作社在我国的发展具有合理性与必然性,在实践中存在信用合作业务风险、农民利益联结机制缺乏和社区发展目标不对称等主要问题。为解决这些问题,本文认为企业需明确自身定位,履行规范者和监督者的责任,辅助村社集体开展信用合作;提出设计一种劳动基础上的"民主企业"改造模式,以实现股权多元化,提升治理效率;合作社积极承担社会责任,向社会企业转型,关注就业并拉近与社区的距离。政策层面需完善对信用业务的监管和支持机制、调整法律对股权结构和分配制度的界定,并要求企业主体承担最低限度的社会责任。The development of enterprise-led cooperatives in China has rationality and inevitability.In practice, there are some major problems, including the risk of business credit, the lack of farmers’ interest connection mechanism and the asymmetry of community development goals.In order to solve these problems, this paper argues that enterprises should define their own position, exercise the responsibility of the regulator and supervisor, and assist the village communities to manage credit cooperation.It is also proposed to design a transformation mode of "democratic enterprise" based on labor to realize equity diversification and improve governance efficiency.At the same time, it is suggested that cooperatives should actively assume social responsibilities and transform to "social enterprises" in order to get close to village communities.At the policy level, the supervision and support mechanism of credit business should be improved, the legal definition of the ownership structure and distribution system should be adjusted, and the enterprise should bear the minimum social responsibility.

关 键 词：企业领办型合作社 信用合作 民主企业 社会企业 

分 类 号：F321.42[经济管理—产业经济]