四种微藻投喂对三角帆蚌生长、产珠性能、内壳层颜色和微量元素的影响  

Effects of four microalgae diets on growth,nutritional composition,pearl producing function,shell nacre color and trace element content of Hyriopsis cumingii

作　　者：陈锵[1] 蒋霞敏[1] 彭瑞冰[1] 韩庆喜[1] 生鹏 薛瑞萍 CHEN Qiang;JIANG Xiamin;PENG Ruibing;HAN Qingxi;SHENG Peng;XUE Ruiping(Schoool of Marine Sciences,Ningbo Universiry,Ningbo 315832,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315832

出　　处：《水产学报》2021年第6期899-909,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家海洋公益项目(201305022);浙江省重大专项(2019C02055)。

摘　　要：为筛选三角帆蚌集约化养殖优质的饵料微藻,本实验采用单因子实验方法,探究投喂不同藻(小环藻、小球藻、二形栅藻、旋转单针藻和混合藻)对三角帆蚌生长、产珠性能和内壳珍珠层颜色的影响。结果显示,投喂不同藻对三角帆蚌的生长影响显著,投喂小环藻组三角帆蚌的体质量增重率、壳长、壳宽和壳高增长率最佳。二形栅藻组次之,但壳长增长率略高于小环藻组。小球藻组、旋转单针藻组和混合藻组生长较差。珍珠增重率以小环藻组最佳,显著高于其他4组。小环藻和二形栅藻组珍珠正圆率显著高于旋转单针藻组。不同饵料微藻对斧足和外套膜微量元素含量影响显著,投喂小环藻组斧足中Ca元素含量最高(12637.30±624.39)mg/kg。不同饵料微藻对内壳色影响显著,小环藻组内壳色亮度最低、色差最小、饱和度较大;混合藻组内壳色亮度最高、色差最大、饱和度最小;二形栅藻组各值处于中间水平。综合考虑,小环藻是三角帆蚌最佳的饵料微藻,二形栅藻次之。China accounts for more than 95%of global freshwater pearl production,of which 80%is Hyriopsis cumingii.In high-density H.cumingii culture,large amounts of organic manure(duck manure,bird manure,soybean milk)and chemical fertilizers are used to produce sufficient quantities of feed.This method results in a large amount of feces,pseudo feces,and residual feed being discharged,causing eutrophication and negative effects on the benthic environment.Water pollution can result in frequent disease outbreaks and disease control drugs can further pollute the aquatic environment.Development of intelligent culture facilities,including high-quality nutritious diets for H.cumingii,is an urgent need.To dertimine the optimal microalgae diet for massive mussel culture,this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different microalgae diets(Cyclotella sp.,Chlorella pyrenoidosa,Scenedesmus dimorphus,Monosporidium contortum,and mixed four microalgae)on the growth,pearl producing function,nutrition composition and shell nacre color of H.cumingii,using a single factor experiment method.The results showed that the growth of the mussel was significantly different with different microalgae diets.The mussels fed Cyclotella sp.and S.dimorphus showed weight growth(WG)of 9.94%±0.51%and9.42%±0.89%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the other three groups;mussels fed M.contortum had the lowest WG 5.23%±0.30%.Similar results were obtained for shell length growth(SLG),with mussels fed Cyclotella sp.and S.dimorphus showing the highest values 1.99%±0.31%and 2.07%±0.53%,respectively.The group fed Cyclotella sp.showed the highest shell height growth(SHG)6.55%±0.62%.The highest shell width growth(SWG)was also observed in the group fed Cyclotella sp.(5.31%±0.71%)while the group fed M.contortum group showed the lowest SWG(3.33%±0.91%);there was a significant difference between these two groups.Pearl weight growth(PWG)also differed significantly among the different treatment groups.The highest PWG was obser

关 键 词：三角帆蚌 微藻 生长 产珠性能 内壳色 微量元素 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]