三角帆蚌贝壳基质蛋白研究进展  

Research progress of matrix proteins in Hyriopsis cumingii

作　　者：白志毅[1,2,3] 袁立 刘晓军[1,2,3] 李家乐 BAI Zhiyi;YUAN Li;LIU Xiaojun;LI Jiale(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教示范中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2021年第6期982-991,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31672754);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-49);上海市科委能力提升项目(16DZ2281200)。

摘　　要：贝壳和珍珠是碳酸钙在有机基质调控下形成的结构高度有序的生物矿化物。贝壳有机基质包括贝壳基质蛋白、糖和少量的脂类,其中贝壳基质蛋白对贝壳和珍珠的形成过程具有重要的调控作用。三角帆蚌是我国重要的淡水育珠蚌,三角帆蚌贝壳基质蛋白的研究对于揭示淡水珍珠形成机理和培育高品质淡水珍珠具有重要意义。本文介绍了已发现的与三角帆蚌棱柱层和珍珠层形成相关的26个基质蛋白,包括氨基酸组成、一级结构、高级结构等结构特征,以及参与贝壳碳酸钙沉积、贝壳有机框架形成、晶体形貌调控、贝壳着色调控及与珍珠重量性状的关联性等生物矿化功能方面的最新研究进展,为进一步提高珍珠质量提供参考。Shell and pearl are highly ordered biominerals formed by calcium carbonate under the control of organic matrix,composed of shell matrix proteins,sugars and lipids.Shell matrix proteins play significant roles in the formation of shells and pearls.It is very important to study the matrix proteins of Hyriopsis cumingii for revealing the formation mechanism of pearls and cultivating high quality pearls.In this paper,26 matrix proteins related to the formation of the cuticle,prism layer and nacreous layer of H.cumingii were introduced.The structural characteristics of these matrix proteins were analyzed,including the amino acid composition,primary structure and advanced structure.The roles of these matrix proteins in biomineralization were also explained,including participating in the deposition of calcium carbonate,the formation of organic framework,the regulation of crystal morphology,the regulation of shell coloring and the correlation with pearl weight.The aim of this review is to provide basic references for further improving of pearl quality.

关 键 词：三角帆蚌 珍珠层 基质蛋白 生物矿化 

分 类 号：S966.221[农业科学—水产养殖]