CCUS中CO_(2)运输环节的技术及经济性分析  

Technical and economic analysis on CO_(2) transportation link in CCUS

作　　者：徐冬 刘建国 王立敏 魏宁[4] 高腾飞 杨阳 陈换军 XU dong;LIU jianguo;WANG limin;WEI ning;GAO tengfei;YANG yang;CHEN huanjun(CHN Energy New Energy Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.;Energy Research Institute,China Macroeconomic ResearchInstitute;CNPC Economics and Technology ResearchInstitute;Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy ofSciences)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司 [2]中国宏观经济研究院能源研究所 [3]中国石油集团经济技术研究院 [4]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2021年第6期8-16,共9页International Petroleum Economics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“低能耗CO2吸收/吸附技术工业示范和验证”(编号:2017YFB0603305);国家能源集团科技项目“低能耗变温变压吸附法碳捕集工艺及材料研发”(编号:2019E1PU00100)。

摘　　要：在实现"碳达峰"和"碳中和"目标背景下,CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术大有可为。CO_(2)运输是CCUS技术运用中的一个重要环节,当前主要有管道、船舶、公路槽车和铁路槽车4种运输方式。公路槽车和铁路槽车运输因运输量小、成本较高等原因很难被大规模采用;船舶运输适合海上低容量远距离的CO_(2)运输;管道运输因运输量大、成本较低等原因已经被大规模采用,技术趋于成熟,可以通过提高规模经济、对现有油气管道改造、技术创新和数字化推广等方式降低管道运输成本。未来管道运输和船舶运输仍是陆上和海上最主要的CO_(2)运输方式。在管道运输中,超临界和密相管道运输的单位投资低、杂质影响小、有效运输距离长、长距离压降小,适合于远距离、大输量、人口稀少的情况;气相管道运输对管道材质、CO_(2)杂质和耐压等级等要求较低,安全性高,适合于短距离、低输量、人口稠密的情况。In the context of achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality,CO_(2)capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)technology has a great potential.CO_(2)transportation is an important link in the application of CCUS technology and there are mainly such four transportation methods as pipelines,ships,road tankers and railway tankers.Road tanker transportation and railway tanker transportation are difficult to be adopted on a large scale due to small transportation volume and high cost.Ship transportation is suitable for long distance CO_(2)transportation at sea with low capacity.Pipeline transportation has been adopted on a large scale due to large transportation volume and low cost with mature technology.The cost of pipeline transportation can be reduced by increasing scale economy,upgrading existing oil and gas pipelines,making technological innovations and digitization.In the future,pipeline transportation and ship transportation will continue to be the most important CO_(2)transportation methods on land and sea.In pipeline transportation,supercritical and dense phase pipeline transportation have low investment in the same capacity,little influence of impurities,long effective transportation distance and small pressure drop over long distance,which are suitable for long distance transportation with large capacity and small population.Gas phase pipeline transportation has low requirements on pipeline material and pressure level,and high safety,which is suitable for the situation of short distance,low throughput,and large population.

关 键 词：CO_(2)运输 管道 船舶 密相 超临界 优缺点 

分 类 号：TQ022.11[化学工程] X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]