施肥对细叶桢楠容器苗生长与光合的影响  

Effects of fertilization on growth and photosynthetic of Phoebe hui seedlings

作　　者：周磊 刘美玲 李铁华[1] 张心艺 胡胜男 罗亦伶 李阳宁 ZHOU Lei;LIU Meiling;LI Tiehua;ZHANG Xinyi;HU Shengnan;LUO Yiling;LI Yangning(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Hunan Nanshan National Park Service,Shaoyang 422500,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南南山国家公园管理局,湖南邵阳422500

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第7期80-87,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“重点区域速丰林丰产增效技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0601200);国家公益性行业科研专项(201504301)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨不同施肥处理对1年生细叶桢楠容器苗生长与光合的影响,以期找出适合1年生细叶桢楠容器苗生长的施肥方案。【方法】以1年生细叶桢楠容器苗为试验材料,配置T1(N_(0)P_(2)K)、T2(N_(2)P_(0)K)、T3(N_(1)P_(1)K)、T4(N_(2)P_(2)K)、T5(N_(3)P_(3)K)常规施肥组,以T4配方及施肥总量设置氮素指数施肥组T6,以不施肥CK为对照,研究不同施肥对1年生细叶桢楠容器苗生长(苗高、地径、叶面积、地上生物量、地下生物量、总生物量和苗木质量指数)、叶绿素含量及光合特性(净光合速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率)的影响。【结果】本试验中,在促进苗木生长的作用上氮肥效果高于磷肥,在相同施肥浓度下(1.6 g/株),添加氮肥不加磷肥的T2处理组长势优于添加磷肥不加氮肥的T1处理组,T2苗木质量指数和隶属函数综合排序均比T1高;合理的N、P配比施肥能改善细叶桢楠容器苗光合能力,有效提高叶绿色素含量和净光合速率,光合能力较强的T6和T4在生长季平均叶绿素含量比光合能力最差的T1和CK分别高出了15.26%、13.47%和14.47%、12.69%,平均净光合速率分别高出了33.94%、39.51%和37.75%、43.48%;适宜的N、P年施肥浓度(T4、T6)为1.6 g/株,较低(T3:0.8 g/株)和较高(T5:2.4 g/株)的N、P年施肥浓度均不利于1年生细叶桢楠容器苗的生长;在施肥配方及年施肥量相同的情况下,采用指数施肥(T6)比常规施肥(T4)更能促进1年生细叶桢楠容器苗的生长,使其苗木质量更好。【结论】采用合适的配方,运用合理的施肥方法能够显著促进1年生细叶桢楠容器苗的生长,提高其光合能力和苗木质量,本试验中最适施肥配方为:N_(2)P_(2)K(N:1.6/P:1.6/K:0.9),指数施肥的效果优于常规施肥。【Objective】The effects of different fertilization treatments on annual Phoebe hui container seedlings growth and photosynthesis were investigated to determine a suitable fertilization scheme for annual Phoebe hui container seedlings.【Method】One year old container seedlings of Phoebe hui container seedlings were used as experimental materials.Conventional fertilization group was set up:T1(N_(0)P_(2)K)、T2(N_(2)P_(0)K)、T3(N_(1)P_(1)K)、T4(N_(2)P_(2)K)、T5(N_(3)P_(3)K),according to the formula of T4 and the total amount of fertilization,the nitrogen index of T6 was set up,and CK was used as the control.The effects of different fertilization on growth(Seedling height,ground diameter,leaf area,aboveground biomass,underground biomass,total biomass and seedling quality index),chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics(photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and water use efficiency)were studied.【Result】Under the same fertilization concentration(1.6 g/plant),the growth of T2 treatment group was better than that of T1 treatment group,and the comprehensive order of T2 seedling quality index and index membership degree was higher than that of T2;The average chlorophyll contents of T6 and T4 were 15.26%,13.47%and 14.47%and 12.69%higher than those of T1 and CK,respectively.The average photosynthetic rate of T6 and T4 were 33.94%,39.51%and 37.75%,43.48%higher than those of T1 and CK,respectively;The suitable N and P concentration(T4,T6)was 1.6 g/plant,and the low(T3:0.8 g/plant)and too high(T5:2.4 g/plant)were not conducive to the growth of annual Phoebe hui container seedlings;Under the same fertilization formula and annual fertilization amount,the exponential fertilization(T6)can promote the growth of annual Phoebe hui potted seedlings and make the quality of seedlings better than conventional fertilization(T4).【Conclusion】Suitable formula and reasonable fertilization method can significantly promote the growth of annual Phoebe hui container seedlings,improve their photosynthetic capacity an

关 键 词：常规施肥 指数施肥 细叶桢楠 

分 类 号：S792.24[农业科学—林木遗传育种]