堆肥臭味物质--粪臭素高效降解菌Rp3的分离和鉴定  

Isolation and identification of a high-efficiency bacterial strain Rp3 to degrade skatole:An odor chemical in compost

作　　者：吴玉洪 张世昌 田茜[3] 马桂珍 郭荣君[2] 李世东[2] 钟增明 WU Yu-hong;ZHANG Shi-chang;TIAN Qian;MA Gui-zhen;GUO Rong-jun;LI Shi-dong;ZHONG Zeng-ming(Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;Institute of Plant Health and Nutrition,Beijing Qigao Biologics,Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学,江苏连云港222005 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [3]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100176 [4]北京启高植物医学和营养研究所有限公司,北京100193

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2021年第4期576-584,共9页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002000);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大项目(2019BFF02006);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(ZDZX2018009)。

摘　　要：为获得粪臭素高效降解菌株,采用摇瓶富集培养和平板划线方法进行降解菌分离,通过感官法和趋化反应初步判定菌株 的降解效果,利用高效液相色谱测定菌株对粪臭素的降解率,采用 16S rRNA基因序列分析和 Biolog鉴定系统对降解菌株进行初 步鉴定。结果表明:从羊粪堆肥下土壤分离出的菌株 Rp3对粪臭素具有趋化性;菌株 Rp3对粪臭素的降解时间随粪臭素浓度的升 高而延长。当粪臭素浓度为 50 mg·L^(-1)时,28 ℃培养 24 h,菌株 Rp3对粪臭素的降解率达 100%;当粪臭素浓度提高到 100 mg·L^(-1) 时,培养 48 h降解率达到 98.4%。菌株 Rp3生长适宜 pH为 7~8;具有较强的耐盐性,在 0~10%盐度下,菌株能生长正常。根据其形 态特征、16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析和 Biolog鉴定系统结果,将该降解菌鉴定为嗜吡啶红球菌 Rhodococcus pyridinivorans。上述 结果表明:菌株 Rp3可以高效降解堆肥臭味物质粪臭素,为堆肥臭味物质的降解提供了新的微生物资源。The purpose of this study was to isolate a skatole-degrading bacterium,and provide a high efficiency microorganism for the degradation of odor chemicals released from composting manure.A liquid culturing method was used to enrich skatole-degrading bacteria,and a pure culture was isolated using plate-streaking.The degrading ability of the candidate bacteria was pre-determined by smell assessment and chemotactic responses to skatole serving as the sole nutrition.The efficacy of strain Rp3 to degrade skatole at different concentrations was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and was identified based on the morphological and physiological characteristics,in combination with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.A skatole-degrading bacterium,Rp3,was isolated from soil under sheep manure compost collected from Shanxi Province.This strain showed chemotactic response to skatole.HPLC analysis indicated that the degradation time extended with the increase of skatole concentration.Strain Rp3 could completely degrade skatole at a concentration of 50 mg·L^(-1) after co-culturing with skatole at 28℃for 24 h,while the degrading time extended to 48 h with an efficacy of 98.4%,when the concentration was raised to 100 mg·L^(-1).The optimum pH for Rp3 growth was pH 7~8,and Rp3 exhibited good tolerance to salt stress,demonstrated by normal growth in a solution of 0~10%NaCl.Strain Rp3 was identified as Rhodococcus pyridinivorans,based on its morphological characteristics,the results of Biolog identification system and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.Strain Rp3 was identified as Rhodococcus pyridinivorans,and was shown to be a highly effective strain in degrading skatole,an odor chemical in compost.

关 键 词：红球菌 粪臭素 鉴定 降解 羊粪 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172