平原河网区排水沟塘水质动态与景观特征的关系  

Relating landscape characteristics to water quality dynamics in the ditches and ponds of the plain river network area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin,China

作　　者：贾忠华[1] 尹玺 罗纨[1] 邹家荣 陈诚 JIA Zhong-hua;YIN Xi;LUO Wan;ZOU Jia-rong;CHEN Cheng(College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2021年第4期665-676,共12页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979239);江苏省水利科技项目(2019040,2018052)。

摘　　要：为了探讨沟塘水质与景观特征之间的关系,以长江下游平原典型沟塘系统为研究对象,首先根据总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、铵氮(NH+4-N)、硝氮(NO-3-N)浓度分析水质时空变化,再用景观指数法和土地利用动态模型分析沟塘景观特征变化,然后用Pearson相关性分析以及冗余分析对二者的关系进行研究。结果表明:不同季节的沟塘水质对景观特征有不同的响应,景观特征对干季的水质变化解释度能够达到47.3%,相对于湿季水质有较强相关性。沟塘景观结构能够解释15.7%~47.3%的水质变化,沟塘边缘密度在不同时段均对水质有重要影响,与污染物浓度呈显著负相关;景观组成中沟塘对水质作用相对较弱,但在景观结构中沟塘类型景观指数相较于其他斑块类型景观指数作用较强。研究表明,沟塘的形态结构特征对不同时段水质有重要影响,聚集的沟塘斑块以及复杂的边界条件对水质有利,沟塘景观特征与干季水质相关性较好。In order to explore the relationship between water quality and landscape characteristics,a typical ditch-pond system in the lower Yangtze River Plain was chosen as the study area.First,this study analyzed the temporal and spatial changes of water quality indicators such as total nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen.Combining the landscape index method and the land use dynamic model to analyze the change of the landscape characteristics of the pond.Finally,Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to study the relationship between them.The results showed that the water quality of different seasons had different responses to the landscape characteristics,and the explaination rate of the landscape characteristics to the water quality changes in the dry season could reach 47.3%,which had a stronger relationship with the water quality than in wet season.The landscape structure of ditches and ponds could explain 15.7%~47.3%of the water quality changes.The edge density index of ditches and ponds had an important impact on water quality in different periods,and had a significant negative correlation with pollutant concentration;In landscape composition,the effect of ditches and ponds on water quality was relatively weak,but in landscape structure,the effect of ditches and ponds type landscape index was stronger than that of other patch types.The results show that the morphological and structural characteristics of ditches and ponds had an important impact on water quality in different periods,the aggregated patches and complex boundary conditions of ditches and ponds were conducive to water quality,and the landscape characteristics of ditches and ponds had a good connection with water quality in dry season.

关 键 词：平原河网地区 沟塘系统 水质 景观指数 景观结构 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P901[天文地球—自然地理学]