高介电常数丙烯酸树脂弹性体的制备  

Preparation of High Dielectric Constant Acrylic Resin Elastomer

作　　者：高新华 王经文[1] 魏蕾 任华[2] Gao Xinhua;Wang Jingwen;Wei Lei;Ren Hua(Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,江苏南京210016 [2]南京大学,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《航空科学技术》2021年第6期71-78,共8页Aeronautical Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21174063);航空科学基金(2018ZF52068)。

摘　　要：本文通过向丙烯酸树脂弹性体(ARE)中添加改性石墨烯来提高弹性体的介电常数。首先,利用聚苯乙烯阳离子微球(PS-DMC)和氧化石墨烯(GO)在水溶液中分别带正、负电荷的性质,将PS-DMC通过静电相互作用吸附到石墨烯表面,之后加入水合肼还原氧化石墨烯得到的杂化填料PS@RGO,最后PS@RGO填料与ARE基体通过溶液铸膜法制备复合材料PS@RGO/ARE。作为对比,未改性的石墨烯(RGO)与ARE基体的复合材料RGO/ARE采用同样的方法制备。经过介电性能测试发现,在逾渗阈值之前相比于RGO/ARE,PS@RGO/ARE具有更高的介电常数和更低的介电损耗。这是因为PS作为间隔物抑制了石墨烯片层的团聚,减少了漏电流的发生从而降低了复合材料的介电损耗。而且PS@RGO杂化填料与ARE基体具有更好的相容性和更多的界面,从而提高了微电容器效应与界面极化效应,进而提高复合材料的介电常数。PS@RGO/ARE复合材料能够在低的驱动电场下获得大的驱动应变,更适应于航空航天智能材料与结构中的驱动/传感/发电器件、微机电系统(MEMS)以及人工肌肉的设计与制造。In this study, we added modified graphene filler into the matrix to increase the dielectric constant of acrylic resin elastomer(ARE). Firstly, Polystyrene cationic microspheres(PS-DMC) is adsorbed onto the graphene surface through electrostatic interaction, then hybrid filler PS@RGO obtained by reducing graphene oxide with hydrazine hydrate, and finally we prepared PS@RGO/ARE composites by using solution casting method. As a comparison,RGO/ARE composites were prepared by using the same method. The results of dielectric test show that PS@RGO/ARE has a higher dielectric constant and lower dielectric loss than RGO/ARE composite. The origin of good dielectric performance of PS@RGO/ARE is that PS acts as a spacer to inhibit the agglomeration of graphene sheets, reducing the occurrence of leakage current and the dielectric loss of the composites. In addition, the PS@RGO hybrid filler has better compatibility and more interfaces with the ARE matrix, which improves the microcapacitor effect and interface polarization effect, thereby the dielectric constant of the PS@RGO/ARE composites is higher. PS@RGO/ARE composite can obtain large driving strain under low driving electric field, so it is more suitable for the design and manufacturing of driving/sensing/power generation devices, MEMS and artificial muscles in aerospace smart materials and structures.

关 键 词：丙烯酸树脂弹性体 石墨烯 聚苯乙烯 介电性能 驱动器 

分 类 号：V257[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]