质子交换膜燃料电池的三维流场技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Three-dimensional Flow Field Technology of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

作　　者：周伟[1] 朱鑫宁 连云崧 游昌堂 ZHOU Wei;ZHU Xinning;LIAN Yunsong;YOU Changtang(Department of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学机电工程系,厦门361005

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第8期2-12,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金(51922092);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(20720200068)资助项目。

摘　　要：流场板是质子交换膜燃料电池的核心组件之一,其流场结构直接影响着反应气体的传输分配以及燃料电池的排水与散热性能。常规流场往往存在水分布不均和局部热点的现象,容易导致燃料电池输出性能退化,甚至造成系统崩溃。三维流场具有优异的传质传热特性,能有效提高质子交换膜燃料电池性能,已成为当前研究热点。根据流场结构形式的不同,三维流场可分为复杂三维流场、销形三维流场、泡沫三维流场、集成三维流场、波浪三维流场和仿生三维流场等。通过介绍质子交换膜燃料电池的三维流场工作原理,重点分析了不同三维流场结构在水热管理方面的优势,并进一步讨论了增强水热管理的技术措施;总结概述了三维流场结构的常用加工制造技术,详细分析了加工制造技术的优缺点;最后归纳分析了三维流场在实际应用中面临的挑战及未来的发展趋势。The flow field plate is one of the core components of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),and its flow field structure directly affects the transmission and distribution of reactive gas and the drainage and heat dissipation performance of the fuel cell.The phenomenon of uneven water distribution and local hot spots are common in conventional flow fields,which will lead to degradation of fuel cell output performance and even breakdown of the system.The three-dimensional flow field has excellent mass and heat transfer performance,which can effectively improve the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell,and has become a research hotspot.According to the different structure of flow field,three-dimensional flow fields can be divided into complex three-dimensional flow field,pin-type three-dimensional flow field,foam three-dimensional flow field,integrated three-dimensional flow field,wave three-dimensional flow field,bionic three-dimensional flow field and so on.By introducing the working principle of the three-dimensional flow field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell,the advantages of a three-dimensional flow field structures in water and heat management are analyzed emphatically,and the technical measures to enhance the water and heat management are further discussed.At the same time,the common manufacturing technologies of three-dimensional flow field structure are summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages of manufacturing technology are analyzed in detail.Finally,the challenges in practical application and the future development trend of the three-dimensional flow field are summarized and analyzed.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 三维流场 水热管理 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]