河西走廊多年生豆禾混播对牧草产量和品质的影响  

Effects of perennial Legume-Gramineae mixtures on forage yield and quality in the Hexi Corridor Region

作　　者：王小军 曹文侠[1] 王世林 李小龙[1] 李文 刘玉祯 王辛有 WANG Xiaojun;CAO Wenxia;WANG Shilin;LI Xiaolong;LI Wen;LIU Yuzhen;WANG Xinyou(Grassland Science College of Gansu Agricultural University,Grassland Ecosystem Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education,Sino-U.S.Research Centers for Sustainable Grassland and Livestock Management,Lanzhou 730070,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences(Academy of Animal and Veterinarty Sciences,Qinghai University)/Key laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中−美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]青海省畜牧兽医科学院(青海大学畜牧兽医科学院)/青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第7期1339-1350,共12页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0400306)。

摘　　要：在河西走廊绿洲边缘区,以紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、红豆草(Onobrychis viciifolia)、无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、长穗偃麦草(Elytrigia elongata)组成的5种混播草地为对象,研究不同组合对多年生豆禾混播草地生产性能的影响。结果表明:1)豆禾混播不同程度提高了草地牧草产量,其中“紫花苜蓿+无芒雀麦+长穗偃麦草”混播组合的产量最高,与其他混播及单播相比,建植第1年产量提高了4.8%~92.5%,第2年提高了7.9%~134.9%,第3年提高了11.0%~313.6%。2)所有组合的混播草地土地当量比均大于1,其中“紫花苜蓿+无芒雀麦+长穗偃麦草”组合的土地当量比最高,且随建植年限的增加而提高,并趋于稳定。3)豆禾混播不同程度提高了牧草粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分和半纤维的含量与单位面积可消化营养物质产量,“紫花苜蓿+无芒雀麦+长穗偃麦草”组合的品质在所有混播组合中最优。4)通过TOPSIS模型对各处理的产量和品质的各项指标综合评价显示,“紫花苜蓿+无芒雀麦+长穗偃麦草”组合与理想混播组合的贴合度最高,是适合在河西走廊荒漠绿洲区推广种植的多年生豆禾混播草地组合。In order to study the production performance of Legume–Gramineae artificial grassland,we assessed five different patterns of mixed sowing with Medicago sativa,Onobrychis viciifolia,Bromus inermis,and Elytrigia elongata.The results indicated that the Legume–Gramineae mixtures contributed to a significant increase in forage yield,among which,that of the“M.sativa+B.inermis+E.elongata”mixture was the highest.Compared with the other mixed and unicast sowings,this mixture increased yield by 4.2%~92.5%,7.5%~134.9%,and 11.6%~313.6%in the first,second,and third years,respectively.The land equivalent ratio of all mixed sowing combinations was greater than 1,among which,the ratio obtained for the“M.sativa+B.inermis+E.elongata”mixture was the highest.The stability of this combination gradually increased with an increase in the time post-sowing and tended to become stable.The Legume-Gramineae mixtures were found to contribute to increases in the contents of crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,and semi-fiber,as well as the yield of digestible nutrients per unit area,with the quality of the“M.sativa+B.inermis+E.elongata”combination being found to be the best among all mixed sowing combinations.To comprehensively evaluate the indices of yield and quality of each treatment,we evaluated order preference by similarity to an ideal solution model,which revealed that the“M.sativa+B.inermis+E.elongata”combination has the highest degree of fit with the ideal mixed sowing combination.This mixture is thus considered suitable for planting in the desert oasis area of the Hexi Corridor Region and should accordingly be promoted.

关 键 词：河西走廊 豆禾混播 栽培草地 混播组合 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]