合肥市老年人健康适能现况及影响因素  

Current status and influencing factors of healthy fitness of the elderly in Hefei City

作　　者：杨秀兰[1] 邵明 崔梦捷 许军[2] 胡梦之 刘云逍 YANG Xiulan;SHAO Ming;CUI Meng-jie;XU Jun;Hu Meng-zhi;LIU Yun-xiao(Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学,合肥230032 [2]南方医科大学南方医院,广州510515

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2021年第6期679-685,715,共8页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：安徽省教育厅省级质量工程项目(2019sjjd17);2020年大学生创新训练计划项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨合肥市社区老年人健康适能现况及其影响因素,为健康政策和措施的制定提供数据参考。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法选取符合纳入标准的967名老年人,由经过统一培训的调查员使用调查问卷对调查对象进行面对面调查,应用SPSS 23.0软件对影响老年人健康适能的相关因素进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果合肥市老年人健康适能(生理、心理、社会)存在差异,与性别、年龄、婚姻状况、睡眠时长及质量、慢性病、性格、子女见面频率、经历重大生活事件等因素相关,差异具有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);多元线性回归分析模型分析结果显示,性别、年龄、睡眠、慢性病、子女见面频率、性格、经历重大生活事件等是老年人健康适能差异的影响因素(均有P<0.05)。此外,随机森林回归模型分析结果显示,文化程度、年龄和个人月收入是3个最重要的影响因素。结论合肥市老年人健康适能水平一般。老年人的受教育程度、睡眠情况、经济收入情况以及养老方式是关注的重点,应采取有针对性的干预措施提高老年人健康水平。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of healthy fitness among elderly population in Hefei City,and to provide data reference for the formulation of health policies and measures.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 967 elderly people who met the inclusion criteria.The uniformly trained investigators used questionnaires to conduct face-to-face surveys of the survey subjects.The SPSS 23.0 software was used to conduct single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis of related factors affecting the healthy fitness of the elderly.Results There were significant differences in healthy fitness(physiological,psychological and social)among the elderly in Hefei,which were related to gender,age,marital status,sleep duration and quality,chronic disease,personality,frequency of meeting children,experience of major life events,etc.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,age,sleep,chronic disease,meeting frequency of children,personality,experience of major life events,etc.were influencing factors of the differences in healthy fitness of the elderly(all P<0.05).In addition,the random forest regression model showed that education level,age and personal monthly income were the three most important influencing factors.Conclusions The healthy fitness of the elderly in Hefei was at a general level.The education level,sleep condition,economic income and pension mode of the elderly are the focus of attention,so targeted intervention measures should be taken to improve the health level of the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 健康适能 健康调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]