玉米产业节本增效的潜力及途径——基于要素偏向性技术进步视角  

Potential and Ways of Cost-saving and Efficiency Increase of Corn Industry:Based on Factor-biased Technological Progress Perspective

作　　者：何悦[1,2] 王鸿飞[1] He Yue;Wang Hongfei(Guangdong Institute of Scientific Technical Information,Guangzhou 510033,China;School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学技术情报研究所,广东广州510033 [2]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2021年第12期131-138,共8页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：广东省软科学研究项目“粤港澳大湾区科技创新规则衔接研究”(2019B101001008);“‘广深港澳’科技创新走廊建设中长期发展战略研究”(2019B101003007);国家自然科学基金项目“以科技产业为导向的粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心形成机制研究”(U190122)。

摘　　要：利用2004—2018年我国玉米产业20个主产省份的平衡面板生产数据,基于诱致性技术创新理论,从偏向性技术进步视角分析玉米产业节本增效途径。研究发现:技术进步率的降低导致2004—2018年玉米产业的生产率损失;技术进步对玉米产出增长的贡献率达到40%以上,机械投入对玉米产出增长的贡献率超过30%;玉米产业生产表现出明显的机械要素对劳动力要素的替代,而生物化学要素对土地要素的替代效应并不明显;玉米产业的技术进步路径表现为从提高土地生产率的生物化学型技术进步向提高劳动生产率的机械型技术进步模式转变,这与我国玉米产业技术发展趋势和地理特征有关。为促进我国玉米技术进步、保证国家粮食安全,基于研究结论,提出各玉米产区加快生产方式转型,强化因地制宜的生产模式,以及加强农业基础设施建设等对策建议。Using the corn industry balanced panel production data of 20 main producing provinces in China from 2004 to 2018,based on the theory of induced technological innovation,this paper analyzes the cost-saving and efficiency enhancement path of corn industry from the perspective of biased technological progress.The study finds that the decrease in the rate of technological progress lead to the loss of productivity in the corn industry from 2004 to 2018;the contribution rate of technological progress to the growth of corn output reaches more than 40%,and the contribution rate of mechanical input to the growth of corn output exceeds 30%;the production of the corn industry shows obvious substitution of mechanical inputs for labor inputs,while the substitution effect of biochemical inputs on land inputs is not obvious;the technological progress path of the corn industry is manifested in the transformation from the biochemical technology progress of improving the land productivity to the mechanical technology progress mode of improving the labor productivity,which is related to the technological development trend and geographical characteristics of the corn industry in China.In order to promote the progress of Chinese corn technology and ensure the national food security,based on the research conclusion,the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to accelerate the transformation of the production mode,strengthen the production mode according to local conditions,and strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure.

关 键 词：玉米产业 技术进步模式 节本增效 诱致性技术创新理论 偏向性技术进步 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济] F224