瓢突头蛛的雄性新发现及其重描述  

Redescription of Phoroncidia crustula Zhu,1998 with First Record of Male(Araneae:Theridiidae)

作　　者：林子轩 LIN Zixuan(Middlefield Collegiate Institute, ON L3S 3L5, Canada)

机构地区：[1]中区附属高中,加拿大安大略省L3S3L5

出　　处：《四川动物》2021年第4期431-437,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

摘　　要：本文基于模式产地的标本材料,首次发现了我国早期记录的瓢突头蛛Phoroncidia crustula Zhu,1998的雄性个体,并对该物种进行了重新描述。文中提供了该物种的外形、外生殖器鉴别特征图,为该物种的有效性提供了重要依据。同时简要描述了该物种的织网与捕食行为,提供了生态捕食行为特征图。检视标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所(IZCAS)。Phoroncidia crustula Zhu,1998,previously known from the only female holotype,is redescribed based on new materials from the type locality in this study.The male is described for the first time.Photos of the body and copulatory organs are provided.The web construction and predatory behavior of this species are briefly described from its natural habitat.Specimens examined are deposited in the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IZCAS).Phoroncidia crustula Zhu,1998 Phoroncidia crustula Zhu,1998:29,figs.12A-D.Phoroncidia crustula Song,Zhu&Chen,1999:127,figs.66C-D.Material examined:2♂(IZCAS-Ar41826-Ar41827),1♀(IZCAS-Ar41828),Mingfeng Valley,Jianfengling Mountains,Ledong County,Hainan Province,China,108.8458°E,18.7432°N,elevation 1022 m,July 17,2020,Zixuan Lin leg.1♀(IZCAS-Ar41829),Jianfengling Mountains,Ledong County,Hainan Province,China,108.8821°E,18.6778°N,elevation 618 m,July 13,2020,Zixuan Lin and Yunhu Mo leg.3♀(IZCAS-Ar41830-Ar41832),Mingfeng Valley,Jianfengling Mountains,Ledong County,Hainan Province,China,108.8466°E,18.7412°N,elevation 1000 m,July 30,2020,Zixuan Lin leg.Diagnosis:P.crustula closely resembles P.ryukyuensis,having the following characteristics in common:the oval abdomen has a median dorsal hump on the anterior margin;female has carapace tubercles on the sides;the spermathecae are two separated spheres.However,it differs in the following aspects:1)P.crustula has a relatively gentle abdominal dorsal hump that is less pronounced;2)the ventral theridioid tegular apophysis of P.crustula has a lobe behind the ridged board,P.ryukyuensis lacks this characteristic;3)the embolic base of P.crustula has a lobe laterally,while P.ryukyuensis’s embolic base without lobe;4)in female of P.crustula,the diameter of the copulatory duct is approximately five times of the separation distance between the spermathecae,whereas in P.ryukyuensis,the spermathecae is separated by a distance almost equal to the diameter of the copulatory duct;5)P.crustula has a more twisted copulatory duct traje

关 键 词：蜘蛛目 球蛛科 突头蛛属 分类 中国 

分 类 号：Q959.226[生物学—动物学]