微波辅助脱胶棉秆皮纤维的性能和潜在应用  

Properties and potential applications of cotton stalk fibers degummed with microwave assistance

作　　者：李娜 董震[1] 褚特野 李春梅 潘希恒 桑爱林 聂李鑫 Li Na;Dong Zhen;Chu Teye;Li Chunmei;Pan Xiheng;Sang Ailin;Nie Lixin(College of Textiles and Apparel, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;Jiangxi Enda Technology Co., Ltd., Xinyu 336600, China;Jiangsu Xinjinlan Textile and Apparel Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224600, China;College of Xinglin, Nantong University, Nantong 226236, China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学纺织服装学院,江苏南通226019 [2]江西恩达麻世纪科技股份有限公司,江西新余336600 [3]江苏新金兰纺织制衣有限公司,江苏盐城224600 [4]南通大学杏林学院,江苏南通226236

出　　处：《产业用纺织品》2021年第4期30-37,共8页Technical Textiles

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2019M652273);江西省杰出青年人才资助计划(20192BCB23030);江西省博士后择优资助(2019KY50);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2018349);内蒙古科学研究重大专项(ZDZX2018060);南通大学杏林学院大学生创新训练计划(201807)。

摘　　要：介绍了采用微波辅助升温法对棉秆皮纤维进行定向脱胶的工艺,通过优化脱胶工艺参数制备了线密度小、强度高且能用于复合材料增强基的棉秆皮纤维。结果表明在900 W的微波功率、质量分数为8%的NaOH溶液、纤维与脱胶溶液质量比1∶2、微波处理20 s的条件下,可制备出线密度为24.5 dtex的脱胶棉秆皮纤维。脱胶棉秆皮纤维的强度较高(4.1 cN/dtex),其内部结构未发生明显改变,表面能减小。经对比可知,脱胶棉秆皮纤维为增强基的复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和耐冲击强度分别较未处理纤维/PP复合材料提高了43.3%、74.1%和101.1%。因此,微波辅助脱胶后的棉秆皮纤维可用于复合材料的制备。The microwave assisted method was introduced and applied in the directional degumming of cotton stalk.Cotton stalk fibers with good linear density and high strength were prepared,which could be used as the reinforcement of composites by optimizing the degumming process parameters.The results showed that the cotton stalk fiber with linear density of 24.5 dtex was prepared under the conditions of 900 W microwave power,8wt%NaOH solution,1∶2 fiber to degumming solution mass ratio and 20 s microwave treatment.The strength of degummed cotton stalk fiber was high(4.1 cN/dtex),its internal structure wasn't changed significantly,and its surface energy decreased.The tensile strength,bending strength and impact strength of the composites reinforced with degummed cotton stalk fibers were increased to 43.3%,74.1%and 101.1%respectively compared with untreated cotton stalk fibers/PP composites.Therefore,the microwaveassisted degumming of cotton stalk fibers could be used in the preparation of composites.

关 键 词：棉秆皮纤维 脱胶 线密度 复合材料 

分 类 号：TS114.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]