中国分省道路交通二氧化碳排放因子  

Study on CO_(2) emission factors of road transport in Chinese provinces

作　　者：吕晨 张哲 陈徐梅[3] 马冬[4,5] 蔡博峰 LÜChen;ZHANG Zhe;CHEN Xu-mei;MA Dong;CAI Bo-feng(Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,Beijing 100012,China;China-UK Low Carbon College,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100084,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部环境规划院,北京100012 [2]上海交通大学,中英国际低碳学院,上海200240 [3]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100084 [4]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护机动车污染控制与模拟重点实验室,北京100012 [5]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第7期3122-3130,共9页China Environmental Science

摘　　要：基于本地化的综合移动源排放模型(Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator,MOVES)模型模拟典型机动车的CO_(2)排放因子,并建立排放因子与速度变化关系的评估方程,结合各省路网平均速度与区域电网排放因子核算中国31个省份分车型的CO_(2)排放因子.同时,综合考虑载客汽车的载客量和客座率,载货汽车的载重量和载货率,建立各省单位客运,货运周转量的机动车CO_(2)排放因子库.结果表明,各类机动车的平均CO_(2)排放因子分别为:柴油公交车0.880kgCO_(2)/km,重型货车0.877kgCO_(2)/km,电动公交车0.676kgCO_(2)/km,中型货车0.508kgCO_(2)/km,轻型货车0.374kgCO_(2)/km,柴油小客车0.227kgCO_(2)/km,微型货车0.216kgCO_(2)/km,汽油小客车0.203kgCO_(2)/km,电动小客车0.108kgCO_(2)/km,摩托车0.062kgCO_(2)/km.车辆满载时,柴油公交车和电动公交车的人均CO_(2)排放量比汽油小客车分别降低了63%和73%,电动小客车的人均CO_(2)排放量较汽油和柴油小客车分别下降了46%和51%.较高的机动车保有量,频繁的道路拥堵导致上海,北京和重庆等市的机动车CO_(2)排放因子相对较高.倡导公共交通,提高客座率,降低私家车使用频率,推广纯电动汽车并通过减少道路拥堵以提高车速是降低道路交通CO_(2)排放量的有效途径.This study simulated the CO_(2) emission factors of typical motor vehicles based on the localized MOVES(Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator)model,and established the evaluation equation of the relationship between emission factors and velocity.Combined with the average speed of road network in each province and the CO_(2) emission factors of regional power grid,the CO_(2) emission factors of different vehicles in 31provinces of China were obtained.Meanwhile,the vehicle CO_(2) emission factors database for per passenger turnover and per freight turnover in each province was established,combined with the passenger capacity and occupancy rate of passenger cars,the load capacity and cargo carrying rate of trucks,The results of average CO_(2) emission factors of different motor vehicles were shown as follows:0.880kgCO_(2)/km of diesel bus,0.877kgCO_(2)/km of heavy-duty truck,0.676kgCO_(2)/km of electric bus,0.508kgCO_(2)/km of medium-duty truck,0.374kgCO_(2)/km of light-duty truck,0.227kgCO_(2)/km of diesel passenger car,0.216kgCO_(2)/km of mini-duty truck,0.203kgCO_(2)/km of gasoline passenger car,0.108kgCO_(2)/km of electric passenger car and 0.062kgCO_(2)/km of motorcycle.Compared with gasoline minibuses,the per capita CO_(2) emissions of diesel buses and electric buses reduced by 63%and 73%respectively.The per capita CO_(2) emissions of electric passenger car fell 46%and 51%compared with gasoline and diesel passenger car.Higher vehicle stock and more frequent road congestion of road network led to higher vehicle CO_(2) emission factors in Shanghai,Beijing and Chongqing.Hence,it was an effective way to reduce road transport CO_(2) emissions by advocating public transport,reducing the use frequency of private cars,promoting electric vehicles and increasing speed by reducing road congestion of road network.

关 键 词：道路交通 二氧化碳 排放因子 客运周转量 货运周转量 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]