野豌豆属14个种牧草幼苗形态多样性与分类鉴定方法的研究  

Study on Morphological Diversity and Classification and Identification Methods of Different Species of Vicia Seedling

作　　者：常媛飞 刘博文 刘万良 金美燕 高秋[3] 刘芳[3] 王显国[1] CHANG Yuan-fei;LIU Bo-wen;LIU Wan-liang;JIN Mei-Yan;GAO Qiu;LIU Fang;WANG Xian-guo(Colloge of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Grassland Workstation of Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Ulanhot,Ulanhot 137499,China;National Livestock Station,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]乌兰浩特市林业和草原局草原工作站,内蒙古乌兰浩特137499 [3]全国畜牧总站,北京100125

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2021年第7期28-36,53,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772657);国家牧草产业技术体系良种繁育项目资助。

摘　　要：以包括14个种的37份野豌豆属材料为研究对象,并根据幼苗形态对其进行分类鉴定。研究结果表明,14个野豌豆种间表现出丰富的变异,最大变异系数为67.00%,遗传多样性信息指数最大,达到1.94。幼苗各性状间存在广泛而复杂的相关关系,依据性状间的关系,可以快速了解植物各性状的情况。聚类分析结果表明37份材料分为两大类,第一类为国外引进的法国野豌豆,第二大类为其他13种野豌豆属植物,第二大类可再分为3个亚类。主成分分析结果表明,前7个主成分累计贡献率达到83.06%。五叶期株高、茎柔毛密度、小叶形状、小叶基部形状、小叶尖端形状、小叶背面颜色、托叶形状、托叶锯齿和卷须分支是14种野豌豆属植物分类鉴定的主要依据。根据以上结果制作了14种野豌豆属植物的分类检索表。In this study,Vicia(37 materials from 14 species)was selected as the research object,and their seedlings were classified and identified according to the morphology.The results showed that 14 species exhibited abundant variation,with a maximum coefficient of variation of 67.00%,and a maximum Shannon diversity of 1.94.The cluster analysis revealed that the 37 materials were divided into two categories.The first category was Vicia narbonensis L.imported from abroad.The second category was other 13 species of Vicia,which can be divided into three subcategories.The results of the principal component analysis revealed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first seven principal components reached 83.06%.Plant height at the five-leaf stage,stem pilose density,leaflet shape,leaflet base shape,leaflet tip shape,color of abaxial leaflet,stipule shape,stipule serration and tendril branches were the main basis for the classification and identification of 14 species of Vicia.Based on the above results,a classification key for 14 species of Vicia was made.

关 键 词：野豌豆属 幼苗形态多样性 分类鉴定 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学] Q944.3[生物学—植物学]