铋基钠离子电池负极材料研究进展  

Recent Progress of Bismuth-Based Electrode Materials for Advanced Sodium Ion Batteries Anode

作　　者：魏昌昊 郭思广 马雯 梅士雄 项奔 高标[1] Wei Changhao;Guo Siguang;Ma Wen;Mei Shixiong;Xiang Ben;Gao Biao(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;General Research Instilute for Nonferrous Melals,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学材料与冶金学院,耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [2]有研科技集团有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《稀有金属》2021年第5期611-631,共21页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51974208,21875080);湖北省自然科学杰出青年基金项目(2020CFA099);湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2019CFA020);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2018AAA011)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,由于钠与锂相比,有着丰富的储量且成本低的优势,因此在电网储能和分布式储能领域应用广泛。钠离子电池负极材料是钠离子电池的关键组成部分,受到了广泛关注。铋基材料,包含铋金属和含铋化合物负极材料,具有对环境友好、容量高、成本低的优点,是公认具有应用前景的钠离子电池负极材料。然而铋金属负极材料在嵌钠过程中巨大的应变导致的材料粉碎,以及铋化合物低导电性是阻碍其应用的主要障碍。将从铋基负极材料分类、纳米结构构筑、复合策略和电化学性能入手,总结铋基负极材料的研究进展,并详细讨论其电化学性能的改善方法,并对铋基钠离子电池负极材料的发展提出展望。The development of efficient electrochemical energy storage materials and devices was an important mean to alleviate environmental pollution and energy crisis caused by fossil fuel consumption.Lithium-ion batteries had the advantages of high energy density and light weight,were the most ideal and common electrochemical energy storage devices at current stage.However,the shortcomings of low crust reserves and high cost of lithium element limited the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries.Sodium ion battery was a relatively novel secondary battery,benefitting from the similar physical and chemical properties of metallic sodium to lithium and the accumulation of people′s experience in lithium ion battery research,sodium ion battery technology had developed rapidly.In addition,sodium had the advantages of abundant reserves and low cost in the crust,so it could be assembled into a cheaper energy storage device,widely used in large-scale energy storage fields such as grid energy storage and distributed energy storage.The sodium ion battery was mainly composed of positive electrode material,negative electrode material and electrolyte.The negative electrode material was a key component of sodium ion battery and had received extensive attention.However,the diameter of sodium ions was much larger than that of lithium ions,resulting in low sodium storage capacity of common lithium-ion battery anode materials such as graphite,and difficulty in insertion and extraction of sodium ions,making it difficult to meet application requirements.There were three types of anode materials:insertion type,alloy type and conversion type.Compared with insertion type anode materials,conversion type and alloy type anode materials showed high capacity in sodium ion batteries,which was the focus of future development of sodium ion battery anode materials.Bi-based materials including bismuth metal and bismuth-containing compound anode materials had the advantages of environmental friendliness,high capacity,and low cost,and were regard

关 键 词：钠离子电池 负极材料 铋金属 铋合金 铋化合物 

分 类 号：O614.112[理学—无机化学]