钾肥品种对加工番茄生长发育及产量品质的影响  

Effects of different varieties of potassium fertilizer on growth,yield and quality of processing tomato

作　　者：哈丽哈什·依巴提[1,2] 王金鑫 李青军[1,2] 张炎[1,2] HALIHASHI·Yibat;WANG Jin-xin;LI Qing-jun;ZHANG Yan(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Agricultural Water-saving,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi Xinjiang 830091;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Desert Oasis Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi Xinjiang 830091)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第3期96-101,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：新疆农业科学院自主培育项目(nkyzzkj-011);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)资助项目(BPC-Xinjiang-2012-13)。

摘　　要：探讨不同钾肥品种在加工番茄生产中的增产增效作用。在滴灌条件下,研究了不施钾(K-0)、氯化钾(K-KCl)、硫酸钾(K-K_(2)SO_(4))和硝酸钾(K-KNO_(3))对加工番茄两个品种HYH-01和屯河8号干物质累积、品质、产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明,施用钾肥能够延长加工番茄干物质积累的时期并增加干物质积累量,K_(2)SO_(4)处理的加工番茄两个品种HYH-01和屯河8号的干物质积累的旺盛时期分别比K-0、K-KCl、K-KNO_(3)处理延长了4、7、6 d和8、3、2 d。施用钾肥显著增加了加工番茄产量和收益,不同加工番茄品种增产11.72%~33.10%,每投入1元的K_(2)O增收0.94~3.21元,加工番茄HYH-01对钾肥的产量和经济效益影响为KCl>K_(2)SO_(4)>KNO_(3),屯河8号为KCl>KNO_(3)>K_(2)SO_(4)。钾肥品种对不同加工番茄品种品质的影响除HYH-01某些指标外,没有显著差异。综合干物质累积、产量及经济效益等方面,KCl是该地区加工番茄增产增效的合理钾肥品种。The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of different potassium fertilizer varieties on yield and efficiency in processing tomato production.Under drip irrigation,the effects of potassium(K-0),potassium chloride(K-KCl),potassium sulfate(K-K_(2)SO_(4))and potassium nitrate(K-KNO_(3))on the accumulation,quality,yield and economic benefits of two processing tomato varieties,HYH-01 and Tunhe No.8 were studied.Results showed that application of potassium fertilizer extended the period of dry matter accumulation and increased the dry matter accumulation of processing tomatoes.Compared with K-0,K-KCl and K-KNO_(3) treatments,the period of dry matter accumulation of K-K_(2)SO_(4)treatment was prolonged by 4,7,6 d and 8,3,2 d,respectively.The potassium fertilizer application significantly increased the yield by 11.72%~33.10%and benefits of processed tomatoes by 0.94~3.21 yuan per 1 yuan input of K_(2)O.The effect of different potassium fertilizers on yield of tomato HYH-01 ranked as KCl>K_(2)SO_(4)>KNO_(3),and Tunhe No.8 ranked as KCl>KNO_(3)>K_(2)SO_(4).Except for some indexes of HYH-01,there was no significant difference in the quality of processing tomato varieties with different potassium fertilizers.In terms of dry matter accumulation,yield and economic benefits,KCl is a reasonable potassium fertilizer variety for increasing yield and efficiency of processing tomatoes in this region.

关 键 词：钾肥品种 加工番茄 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]