卢旺达大屠杀由来和国族建构前景的反思与再分析  

Reflection and Reanalysis on the Origin of the Holocaust and the Prospect of Nation Construction in Rwanda

作　　者：张敏 武沐[1] ZHANG Min;WU Mu(Center For studies of Ethnic Minorities in Northwest China, Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学西北少数民族研究中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《江苏科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期73-79,共7页Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：20世纪90年代发生在卢旺达胡图族、图西族之间的有组织的大规模屠杀事件,是由部族动乱引发的难民问题,经济发展停滞、人口激增、殖民者人为划分种族身份、国际背景下民主化运动兴起等诸多因素共同导致其发生。通过对卢旺达从部族和平相处时代、“种族身份被制造”的殖民时代、民族边界清晰的大屠杀事件、战后民族身份模糊直至国族建构过程的详细考察,深入分析民族冲突之后卢旺达人的国族建构路径,并将这一“去民族化”实例与当前卢旺达社会发展情况相结合,对卢旺达大屠杀的缘由及其国族建构经验进行反思与再分析,以期深化在国际社会影响下新生国族共同体对整个国家发展前景重要作用的认识。It is more than 20 years since the ethnic massacre of the 1990s between Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups in Rwanda.This paper detailed the organized mass massacre in human history and analyzed the causes of the"ethnic"massacre.The refugee problem caused by tribal unrest,underdeveloped economy,population explosion,artificial division of colonial ethnic identity,and the democratization movement under the international background are all important factors.Following the process of Rwanda from the era of tribal peace,the colonial era of"ethnic identity being created",the"massacre"event with clear national boundaries,the post-war blurring of national identity to the national construction,this paper deeply explores the reconciliation after ethnic conflict-construction of national identity of integrated Rwandans.The paper reflects and analyzes the origin of the holocaust and the construction prospects of national nationality with this example of"denationalization"combined with the development of Rwanda at the present stage.And the new"state nation"community is of great significance to the development prospects of the whole country under the influence of the international society.

关 键 词：卢旺达大屠杀 胡图族 图西族 国族建构 

分 类 号：D77[政治法律—政治学] C957[政治法律—中外政治制度]