表观遗传修饰应用于真菌次级代谢调控研究的最新进展  

The application of epigenetic modification in the research of secondary motabolites from fungi

作　　者：侯成凤 贺星星 杨立远 王雨晴 朱伟明[1,2] 王乂 HOU Cheng-feng;HE Xing-xing;YANG Li-yuan;WANG Yu-qing;ZHU Wei-ming;WANG Yi(School of Medicine and Pharmacy,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学医药学院,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋药物与生物制品功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国海洋药物》2021年第3期51-65,共15页Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81973198);山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GSF118070)资助。

摘　　要：真菌次级代谢产物的生物合成与其基因簇所在染色体的表观遗传状态密切相关,通过表观遗传修饰能够调控真菌的次级代谢过程。分子表观遗传修饰方法主要通过敲除或过表达表观遗传相关酶类的编码基因,而化学表观遗传修饰方法则是外源加入化学表观遗传修饰酶抑制剂。二者都能促进基因的转录,进而激活沉默的生物合成基因簇,提高真菌次级代谢产物的化学多样性。本文综述了2015年至2020年的表观遗传修饰应用于真菌次级代谢调控研究的最新进展,就分子表观遗传修饰和化学表观遗传修饰两方面进行阐述,并对2种方法进行总结与展望。The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of fungi is closely related to the epigenetic state of the chromosomes where their gene clusters are located,and the process of secondary metabolism of fungi can be regulated by epigenetic modification.Molecular epigenetic modification methods are mainly through knockout or overexpression of coding genes of epigenetic related enzymes,while chemical epigenetic modification methods are exogenous addition of chemical epigenetic modification enzyme inhibitors.Both of them can promote gene transcription,then activate silent biosynthetic gene clusters,and improve the chemical diversity of secondary metabolites of fungi.In this paper,the latest progress in the application of epigenetic modification to the regulation of secondary metabolism in fungi from 2015 to 2020 was reviewed,and the molecular epigenetic modification and chemical epigenetic modification were described.The combined use of the two methods and the development of epigenetic modification were summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：真菌 分子表观遗传修饰 化学表观遗传修饰 沉默基因簇 次级代谢产物 

分 类 号：R915[医药卫生—微生物与生化药学]