东北玉米田除草剂减施增效技术途径探讨  

The Ways to Minimize Dosages and Increase Efficacy of Herbicides in Corn in North China

作　　者：李香菊[1] 崔海兰[1] 陈景超[1] 何康来[1] 王凤乐[2] 张帅[2] LI Xiang-ju;CUI Hai-lan;CHEN Jing-chao;HE Kang-lai;WANG Feng-le;ZHANG Shuai(Institute of Plant Protection,CAAS,Beijing 100193;National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125

出　　处：《玉米科学》2021年第3期92-99,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“北方玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0201800)。

摘　　要：以东北春玉米种植区为基地,分析杂草种群结构、发生规律和对玉米的产量损失。在此基础上,论述东北玉米田除草剂减施途径,包括高风险除草剂替代技术、除草剂高效使用技术和多策略除草剂减施技术,提出采用替代长残留除草剂莠去津和易漂移的除草剂2,4-滴,实施精准选药、适时用药、对靶喷药的3S施药技术,结合农作措施、生态措施、除草决策支持系统及加快耐除草剂玉米推广的多策略除草剂减施技术,实现除草剂减量,为东北玉米田除草剂减量增效实施提供技术指导。Focus on the corn production in Northeast China,analyzed weed species,population dynamics and the infestation in corn field in this region and discussed the ways of reducing herbicide dosages in northeast corn field,including high-risk herbicide substitution technology,herbicide efficient use technology and multi-strategies in herbicide reduction technology.We suggest that the reduction in herbicide utilization for weed control can be achieved by using safety herbicides instead of atrazine and 2,4-D,following 3S application technology,i.e.selection of target herbicides,suitable application timing and site-specific spraying,as well as combining with agricultural measures,ecological measures,weeding decision support system and developing herbicide tolerant corn.It is expected to provide technical guidance for the implementation of the reduction in herbicide utilization and its efficiency enhancement in corn field in Northeast China.

关 键 词：玉米 杂草 除草剂 减量使用 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]