山西省北部地区玉米化肥施用现状——基于应县大黄巍乡玉米种植户施肥状况调研  

Current Status of Fertilizer Application for Maize in the North Region of Shanxi Province——Based on the Investigation on the Fertilization Status of Maize Growers in DaHuangwei Township,Yingxian County

作　　者：王永亮 杨治平 李阳 郭军玲 郭彩霞 黄高鉴[1,2] WANG Yong-liang;YANG Zhi-ping;LI Yang;GUO Jun-ling;GUO Cai-xia;HUANG Gao-jian(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resouces,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Research,Taiyuan,030031;Shanxi Agricultural University,College of Resources and Environment/Shanxi Key Lab of Soil Envrionment and Nutrient Resources,Taiyuan,030031;College of Resources and Environmental Science,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学资源环境学院/土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,太原030031 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《玉米科学》2021年第3期171-175,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201807-01);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YCX2020109);山西省农业科学院农业产业发展科技引领工程项目(2017CYYL11)。

摘　　要：通过系统分析山西省朔州市应县玉米种植户化肥投入现状发现,农户的玉米平均产量为10.3 t/hm^(2),平均施肥总量为465 kg/hm^(2),氮、磷、钾肥的用量分别为262、123、84 kg/hm^(2),氮、磷、钾偏生产力分别为42、69、135 kg/kg。基于土壤养分测试,该地区推荐的氮、磷、钾施肥量分别为225、90、45 kg/hm^(2)。与推荐施肥量相比,氮、磷、钾肥施用过量农户的比例分别为75%、81%和93%。过量的养分投入并没有显著增加玉米产量。A farmer survey for fertilizer input was carried out in Yingxian county Shanxi province.It was found that the average maize yield of the farmers was 10.3 t/ha.Average total fertilizer nutrient input of N,P and K fertilizers was 465 kg/ha.Average nutrient input for N,P_(2)O_(5) and K_(2)O was 262,123 and 84 kg/ha,respectively.Partial factor productivity for N,P_(2)O_(5) and K_(2)O was 42,69 and 135 kg/kg,respectively.However,the recommended fertilizer amount based on the soil testing was 225,90 and 45 kg/ha for N,P_(2)O_(5) and K_(2)O,respectively.Compared to the recommended nutrient application amount,the percentage of farmers who applied supra-optimal amount fertilizers was 75%,81%and 93%for N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O,respectively.Excessive nutrient input did not lead to maize yield increase.

关 键 词：玉米 化肥 减施增效 山西省 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]