潜艇应急上浮机动不稳定性建模与仿真  

Instability Modeling and Simulation of Submarine Emergency Rising Maneuvers

作　　者：吕帮俊[1] 陈佳[1] 黄斌[1] 彭利坤[1] LYU Bang-jun;CHEN Jia;HUANG Bin;PENG Li-kun(College of Power Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《火力与指挥控制》2021年第6期52-57,共6页Fire Control & Command Control

基　　金：装备预研重点实验室基金资助项目(6142217180201)。

摘　　要：为了避免潜艇在应急上浮过程中,由于较快的上浮速度以及较大的负攻角,水动力呈现强非线性,在横向流作用下潜艇可能产生过大的横倾角甚至失稳倾覆。基于艇体水流入射角和方向角定义下的潜艇非线性水动力描述形式及其试验结果,采用一种新形式的大攻角非稳态潜艇操纵运动仿真数学模型,对高压气吹除主压载水舱后潜艇应急上浮过程的运动状态进行预报。采用拉瓦尔喷管理论对高压气吹除主压载水舱的热力学过程进行建模,并将该过程计算得到潜艇所受的复杂激变力作为潜艇操纵运动仿真数学模型的控制输入,计算结果表明:相较于高压气吹除指数模型,采用的拉瓦尔喷管模型能更为真实地反映实艇高压气吹除过程,对潜艇应急上浮机动的运动状态预报更为准确。应急上浮过程中快速造成较大的尾倾角有利于抑制横倾角的增大,且横倾角主要受水舱吹除顺序的影响,受初始深度的影响较小。根据潜艇事故工况下的初始状态制定有效的高压气应急吹除挽回策略,是抑制应急上浮横倾角的主要手段。Submarines exhibit excessive roll angle even instability during an emergency rising due to intense nonlinear hydrodynamics and cross-flow caused by a considerable negative attack angle and a high surfacing speed.A new mathematic form of simulation model is adopted to predict the submarine status during emergency rising,based on hydrodynamic description defined by flow incidence and orientation and the corresponding hydrodynamic experiments.The laval nozzle theory is adopted to establish the mathematic model during high-pressure blowing process.The complex and violent changing forces of submarine computed from the above process is adopted as the control input of submarine maneuvering simulation model.The results show that the Laval nozzle model is more precise for describing high-pressure blowing process and predicting the emergency rising compared with the exponential model.A considerable positive pitch brought about by manipulating is benefit for restraining the roll angle during emergency rising,and the roll angle mainly depends on the ballast tank blowing sequence and has little dependence on the initial depth.To establish an effective high-pressure blowing strategy according to the submarine accident initial status is the main approach to restrain the roll angle during emergency rising maneuver.

关 键 词：潜艇操纵 压载水舱吹除 大攻角 水动力描述 应急上浮机动 稳定性 

分 类 号：U661.33[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]