伊拉克政治重建评析  

Iraq’s Political Reconstruction

作　　者：赵建明[1] Zhao Jianming

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院国际问题研究所

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2021年第6期43-49,58,61,共9页

基　　金：2020年上海市规划课题“后疫情时代中东地缘政治格局的演化及中国的对策研究”(2020BGJ006);上海浦江人才计划“派系政治与后伊核时代伊朗的外交政策变化”(17PJC078)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伊拉克在打击"伊斯兰国"取得胜利后,开启了政治重建的新征程。与推翻萨达姆后建立的宪政不同,本次重建的目标和任务是要合众为一,将被宗派政治、"伊斯兰国"和库尔德撕裂的伊拉克整合为具有向心力和凝聚力的国家。在政治重建中,宗派矛盾、库尔德分离、民兵真主党化、弱势群体保护是伊拉克面临的最大挑战。宗派斗争导致的总理频繁更换将总统萨利赫推到了政治的前台。萨利赫以多元平衡论为指导,推行同库尔德谈判、促进逊尼派流亡领袖回归、邀请梵蒂冈教皇访问、颁布新选举法等政策,取得了积极的成效,为伊拉克的政治重建打下了良好的制度基础。这也让国际社会对伊拉克政治重建的未来充满信心。After the victory against the Islamic State(ISIS),Iraq embarked on a new journey of political reconstruction.The goal and task of the reconstruction is to reunite Iraqis,and to integrate Iraq into one centripetal and cohesive country,which has been torn apart by sectarian politics,the Islamic State,and Iraqi Kurds.During the process of the political reconstruction,sectarian conflicts,Kurdish separation,Hezbollahization of the Popular Militias Forces(PMFs),and protection of the vulnerable groups are the biggest challenges to Iraq.Under the guidance of the Multi-Pluralistic Balance Theory,President Saleh has pursued the policies such as negotiating with Kurdish government,promoting the return of exiled Sunni leaders,inviting the Vatican Pope Francis to visit Iraq,and enacting the New Election Law.These policies have achieved positive results for the political reconstruction of Iraq.

关 键 词：伊拉克局势 政治重建 萨利赫 

分 类 号：D737.7[政治法律—政治学]