科学与企业的耦合:穆藕初与中国近代植棉业改良  

The Cooperation between Science and Enterprise:H.Y.Moh’s Cotton Planting Improvement Business in Modern China

作　　者：夏如兵[1] 由毅 XIA Ru-bing;YOU Yi(Institution of Chinese Agricultural Civilization,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;Center for Historical Geographical Studies,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中华农业文明研究院,江苏南京210095 [2]复旦大学历史地理研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《中国农史》2021年第3期37-43,83,共8页Agricultural History of China

摘　　要：农学界与纺织业界的互惠合作,是近代植棉业改良的必然要求。晚清时期的棉作改良存在技术与资金、市场分离的问题,棉产改良收效甚微。反思此前植棉业改良失败的原因,穆藕初提出"振兴农业,非财不可,且非才不办"的农产改良理念,在植棉业改良工作中形成了鲜明的特点,即注重农学界与企业界的耦合,以确保科技与资金、市场的配合。通过创办穆氏植棉试验场和穆公正花行、组织中华植棉改良社、主持华商纱厂联合会植棉委员会,穆藕初将这一理念贯穿于植棉业改良实践的始终。The mutually beneficial cooperation between agronomy and cotton spinning enterprises was an inevitable requirement for the improvement of modern cotton planting business. In the late Qing Dynasty,with the separation between technology, capital and market, the cotton planting improvement business failed.H.Y.Moh reflected on the reasons for the failure of the previous cotton planting improvement business. He believed that the revitalization of agriculture must rely on a large number of talents and money. H.Y.Moh attached great importance to the cooperation between agronomy and cotton spinning enterprises to ensure the cooperation of technology, capital and market. This is also the distinctive characteristic of H.Y.Moh’s cotton planting improvement business. When he established his cotton experiment station and cotton ginnery,served as the chairman of the Cotton Extension and Improvement Committee and the Chinese Cotton Mill Owners’ Association, he had always practiced this concept.

关 键 词：穆藕初 植棉业改良 科学与企业 耦合 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]