社交焦虑大学生情绪调节灵活性:情绪内容对策略选择和使用的影响  

Emotion Regulation Flexibility in Social Anxiety Adults: Considering Emotion Content as a Contextual Factor

作　　者：张少华[1] 桑标[1] 江凯 潘婷婷[1] 刘影[1] Zhang Shaohua;Sang Biao;Jiang Kai;Pan Tingting;Liu Ying(School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第3期633-641,共9页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31371043)的资助。

摘　　要：尽管社交焦虑个体被认为存在情绪调节灵活性的不足,但至今尚不清楚这种不足究竟在于难以灵活选择策略,还是难以灵活使用策略,抑或二者兼有?对此,本研究采用情绪调节策略选择任务考察了37名高社交焦虑大学生和29名低社交焦虑大学生在面对社交-非社交情绪图片时对认知重评和回避两种策略的选择模式和使用效果。结果发现:当面对社交情绪图片时,高社交焦虑被试比低社交焦虑被试更少选择认知重评而更多选择回避;当面对非社交情绪图片时,两组被试对两种策略的选择模式无显著差异。同时,无论面对社交还是非社交情绪图片,两组被试对两种策略的使用效果均无显著差异。以上结果表明,相比低社交焦虑个体,高社交焦虑个体只有在面对社交情绪时才存在情绪调节灵活性的不足,且这种不足主要表现为难以灵活选择策略,而非难以灵活使用策略。Social anxiety disorder(SAD) is characterized by persistent fear and avoidance of social contexts due to fears of evaluation by others. Previous studies have found that high social anxiety individuals reported less positive emotion and more negative emotion compared to low social anxiety counterparts. Thus, mounting studies have paid more attention on the emotion regulation in social anxiety individuals.Emotion regulation refers to the process that a person uses certain strategy to modify the emotional experience and expression in order to meet particular contextual demand. With the further development of this domain, theorists have increasingly emphasized the key role of flexibility in emotion regulation. To be specific, emotion regulation flexibility is conceptualized as the ability to adjust the selection and implementation of emotion regulation strategies as the context changes, and could be divided into flexible selection and flexible implementation.So far, several studies have investigated the flexible selection and flexible implementation in healthy individuals, and found that:(1) Healthy individuals tend to choose engagement emotion regulation strategies(e.g. reappraisal) in low-intensity emotions, and disengagement emotion regulation strategies(e.g. distraction) in high-intensity emotions;(2) Healthy individuals can both effectively utilize engagement and disengagement emotion regulation strategies in low-intensity emotions, whereas the effectiveness of engagement emotion regulation strategies is worse than that of disengagement emotion regulation strategies in high-intensity emotions.However, although the lack of emotion regulation flexibility has been assumed as the crucial cause of social anxiety, the flexible selection and flexible implementation of social anxiety individuals still remain unexplored. Relatedly, why social anxiety individuals have difficulty in regulating their emotions? Because of their inflexible selection, inflexible implementation, or the combination of them? In order to address t

关 键 词：社交焦虑 情绪调节灵活性 认知重评 回避 大学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]