EVA基膨胀型阻燃复合材料的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of intumescent flame retardant EVA composites

作　　者：邵如 陈胜胜 唐龙祥 SHAO Ru;CHEN Shengsheng;TANG Longxiang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化学与化工学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《弹性体》2021年第3期17-22,共6页China Elastomerics

摘　　要：以酚醛树脂(PF)为碳源,密胺甲醛树脂包覆的聚磷酸铵(MFAPP)为酸源,氢氧化镁(MH)为气源并增强固炭能力,配制成新型膨胀型阻燃体系(IFR),用于乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)的阻燃。利用垂直燃烧仪(UL-94)、极限氧指数(LOI)、热重分析仪(TGA)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、万能试验机等对无卤阻燃EVA复合材料的结构与性能进行研究。结果表明,PF/MFAPP/MH体系的阻燃效果优于同比例的PF/APP/MH体系。当PF/MFAPP/MH的质量比为2/1/2时,EVA/PF/MFAPP/MH复合材料的LOI为26.5%,UL-94达到V-0级;拉伸强度为7.71 MPa,断裂伸长率为298.88%;最终残炭量为32.28%(质量分数),比理论计算值高2.71%;MFAPP能促进复合材料成炭,且形成的炭层结构更加致密完整,使得PF/MFAPP/MH体系的阻燃性能更优异。In this paper,a new intumescent flame retardant system(IFR)was prepared with phenolic resin(PF)as carbon source,ammonium polyphosphate which coated with melamine formaldehyde resin(MFAPP)as acid source,magnesium hydroxide(MH)as gas source and enhanced carbon fixation ability,in order to be used as flame retardant of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA).The structure and properties of halogen-free flame retardant EVA composites were studied by vertical combustor(UL-94),limiting oxygen index(LOI),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and universal testing machine.The results showed that the flame retardant effect of PF/MFAPP/MH system was better than that of PF/APP/MH system.When the mass ratio of PF/MFAPP/MH was 2/1/2,the LOI of EVA/PF/MFAPP/MH composite was 26.5%;UL-94 reached V-0;the tensile strength was 7.71 MPa;the elongation at break was 298.88%;the final carbon residue was 32.28%,2.71%higher than the theoretical calculation value;MFAPP could promote the carbon formation of the composite,and the carbon layer structure formed was more compact and complete,which made the flame retardant performance of PF/MFAPP/MH system better.

关 键 词：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 酚醛树脂 密胺甲醛树脂包覆的聚磷酸铵 氢氧化镁 膨胀型阻燃体系 

分 类 号：TQ325.5[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]