宁海白×大房枇杷F_(1)杂交群体果实性状的相关性及遗传分析  

Correlation and genetic analysis of fruit traits in F_(1) hybrid population of loquat generated from Ninghaibai×Dafang

作　　者：赵崇斌 郭乙含 李舒庆 徐红霞[2] 黄天启 林顺权[1] 陈俊伟[2] 杨向晖[1] ZHAO Chongbin;GUO Yihan;LI Shuqing;XU Hongxia;HUANG Tianqi;LIN Shunquan;CHEN Junwei;YANG Xianghui(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;Institute of Horticulture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部华南地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室·华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642 [2]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第7期1055-1065,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000900);浙江省果品新品种选育重大科技专项重点项目(2016C02052-3)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究枇杷果实重要性状的遗传倾向以及果实性状间的相关关系,以期为枇杷杂交育种的亲本选配提供参考。【方法】对宁海白与大房杂交产生的130株F_(1)杂种后代的7个果实重要性状进行调查以及相关性分析。【结果】调查的7个果实性状均呈正态分布,其中果肉厚度、果实横径、果实质量、果实纵径等4个性状表现出趋低遗传倾向;种子数、种子质量、可溶性固形物含量3个性状表现出趋高遗传倾向。相关性分析显示,果实质量与其他6个性状均呈极显著相关,而通径分析显示,果实横径、种子质量、果肉厚度、果实纵径、种子数是影响果实质量的主要因素,其中果实横径和种子质量对果实质量的影响最大,而种子数的影响最小。【结论】7个果实重要性状均为数量性状,其中果肉厚度、果实横径、果实质量、果实纵径遗传倾向趋于趋低遗传,种子数、种子质量、可溶性固形物含量为趋高遗传;果实横径和种子质量是影响果实质量的关键性状。【Objective】This paper aimed to complement the correlation genetic analysis of the important traits of loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)fruits in the F1 population generated from the white flesh cultivar Ninghaibai crossed with the yellow flesh cultivar Dafang in order to provide the reference for the parent selection and seedling screening in loquat breeding.【Methods】A total of 130 plants of F_(1) hybrid population of Ninghaibai×Dafang were used as experimental materials.The samples were collected at the maturity stage from May to June in 2020,and 30 fruits were randomly selected from the middle and upper part of the crown of each tree.The longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and pulp thickness of the fruits were measured with digital display vernier caliper.The Fruit weight and seed weight were measured with electronic balance(1/100).Soluble solid content(TSS)in fruit flesh was determined by ATAGO handheld digital refractometer.The number of seeds was also recorded.Excel2016 was used to organize data and draw tables.IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 was used to test normality,draw frequency histogram and perform correlation analysis.【Results】The results of genetic analysis showed that the seven important fruit traits were normally distributed.The average values of fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit transverse diameter and fruit flesh thickness were lower than the mid-parent value or even lower than the low parental value.The genetic transmission ability was between 90.40%-96.46%,all lower than 100%,and the dominant rate was all negative.The heterosis was not significant,the genetic tendency was small,and most of the hybrid offspring showed the phenomenon of character decline.The decline in flesh thickness was the most serious,73.08%were thinner than the low parent and 11.54%were thicker than the high parent.Although fruit weight,fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit transverse diameter showed a genetic tendency to be lower,the high parental rate was 24.62%to 33.08%.The average values of TSS

关 键 词：枇杷 果实性状 相关性分析 遗传倾向 通径分析 数量性状 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]