调环酸钙对富士苹果生长及果实品质的影响  

Effects of prohexadione calcium on growth and fruit quality of Fuji apple

作　　者：刘丽[1] 高登涛[1] 魏志峰[1] 石彩云 徐玉西 LIU Li;GAO Dengtao;WEI Zhifeng;SHI Caiyun;XU Yuxi(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第7期1084-1091,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：特色林果业(红枣、苹果、香梨和葡萄)简约栽培标准化模式研究与示范推广(2019AA004);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110428)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨新型生长调节剂调环酸钙处理对富士苹果新梢旺长及果实品质的影响,为富士苹果合理控旺提供依据。【方法】以生产上常用的控旺剂PBO和清水分别作为对照设置7个试验处理:CK(清水)、T1(100倍PBO)、T2(200倍PBO)、T3(300倍PBO)、T4(100 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙)、T5(300 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙)、T6(500 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙),在新梢旺盛生长期进行喷施,测量不同处理对富士生长和果实品质的影响。【结果】喷施300 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙处理的效果最好,新梢生长直径、单果质量、果形指数、果面亮度值L*测试指标均高于其他处理,果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量、黄蓝色差值b*、色泽饱和度C、色调角h等指标与其他处理相比均差异不显著。利用隶属函数法对主要测量指标进行了综合排序,排名从高到低依次为T5(300 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙)>T3(300倍PBO)>T4(100 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙)>T6(500 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙)>T2(200倍PBO)>T1(100倍PBO)>CK(清水)。【结论】与清水对照处理相比,不同控旺处理的树体和果实综合指标都优于对照,300 mg·L^(-1)调环酸钙处理的综合指标最好,能促进新梢增粗,抑制新梢旺长,提高叶绿素含量、单果质量和果形指数,并能提高果实的光泽度。【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical basis for reasonable growth of Fuji apple trees,the tree growth and fruit quality after treatments with growth retardants were compared.【Methods】Seven treatments were set up:CK(clean water),T1(PBO diluted with 100 times water),T2(PBO diluted with 200 times water),T3(PBO diluted with 300 times water),T4(100 mg·L^(-1) prohexadione calcium),T5(300 mg·L^(-1) prohexadione calcium)and T6(500 mg·L^(-1) prohexadione calcium).In the mid-June,the leaves of the whole trees were sprayed until the solution on leaves was dripping.Each tree served as one plot,and each treatment was repeated for three times.Before spraying,ten current shoots from each tree were selected and marked,and the length and diameter were measured.The diameter was measured at the position 1 cm away from the base.The growth of the shoots was photographed one month after spraying.The length and diameter of the 10 shoots of each tree were measured after fruit harvest.The chlorophyll content was determined by the SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter in mid-August.Healthy and mature leaves were taken from the middle part of the sprayed shoots,and 10 leaves were taken from each replicate.The photosynthesis index was measured by the CIRAS-3 portable photosynthesis instrument(PP system company in the United States)from 8:00 to 10:00 in the morning of a sunny day.Fruit samples were collected in late October during fruit ripening period and taken back to the laboratory to determine single fruit weight,L/D index,soluble solids content,fruit hardness,titratable acid content,etc..Single fruit weight was measured by a balance,L/D index was measured by a vernier caliper,soluble solids content was measured by the atagopal-1 digital sugar meter,fruit firmness was measured by the Gy-1 fruit firmness meter,Vc content was measured by 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol titration method,titratable acidity was measured according to GB/T 12456—2008.Ten fruits were randomly selected from each replicate.The fruit color was measured by NR

关 键 词：富士苹果 调环酸钙 PBO 控旺 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]