外源GA_(3)通过影响光合特性和内源激素抑制葡萄叶片的向光性  

Exogenous GA_(3) inhibits the phototropism of grape leaves by affecting photosynthetic characteristics and endogenous hormones

作　　者：张宁[1] 杨始锦 马宗桓[1] 李艳梅 曹雪璟 仇银生 毛娟[1] 陈佰鸿[1] ZHANG Ning;YANG Shijin;MA Zonghuan;LI Yanmei;CAO Xuejing;QIU Yinsheng;MAO Juan;CHEN Baihong(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第7期1102-1112,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000200);甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2NA006)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究外源GA_(3)对葡萄叶片向光性的调控机制。【方法】以6年生意斯林(Italian Riesling)葡萄为试材,选择晴朗的天气,选取生长健壮且无病虫害的植株,于8:00前将长度超过80 cm的新蔓去除副梢后拉平,用塑料胶带固定在立架的第三道铁丝上,使叶片正面向下、背面向上,叶片呈水平状态,然后对固定后的叶片进行喷施药剂处理,共设3个处理,分别为75 mg·L^(-1)的赤霉素(GA_3)、200 mg·L^(-1)的烯效唑(S3307)和清水(CK)。处理后测定叶片水势、光合参数、叶绿素荧光参数及内源激素含量的日变化。【结果】GA_(3)处理后,10:00—18:00时叶片水势显著低于对照,光合参数Pn、Gs、Tr在12:00—18:00较对照显著降低,Ci的变化则与Pn、Gs和Tr相反,叶绿素荧光参数Fm、Fv/Fm、ETR出现不同程度的降低,NPQ较对照显著升高。S3307处理后,叶片水势在14:00—16:00显著高于对照,光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数的变化与GA_3处理相反。同时,内源激素含量也发生了变化,GA_3处理后,不同程度地提高了叶片和叶柄中GA_(3)、IAA和ZT含量,降低了内源ABA含量,S3307处理后则相反。【结论】外源GA_3通过降低叶片的光合作用、增加叶片与叶柄中GA_(3)/IAA的比值对叶片的向光性产生了抑制作用。【Objective】The present experiment was undertaken to explore the inhibitory mechanism for exogenous GA_(3) affecting grape leaf phototropism.Phototropism means that plants are regulated by light to bend to incident light in order to obtain the most suitable light for their growth.Grapes,as photophilic plants,have obvious phototropism.Studies have found that exogenous GA_(3) can significantly inhibit the phototropism of grape leaves.Therefore,exploring the inhibitory mechanism for GA_(3) influencing the phototropism of grape leaves may provide a certain theoretical basis for further research on the effects of exogenous hormones on the phototropism of grape leaves.【Methods】The experiment was carried out in Wuwei city,Gansu province in 2020,located in the eastern end of the Hexi Corridor(N38°02′32″,E 102°42′19″),where there is a temperate continental arid climate.The altitude is 1632 m,the average annual precipitation is 191 mm,the average annual evaporation is 2135 mm,the frost-free period is 150 days,the average annual temperature is 7.8℃,the average annual sunshine duration is2715 h,and the sunshine is sufficient.The 6-year-old grapevines(Cultivar:Italian Riesling)was used in the experiment,with a spacing of 1.0 m×3.0 m.The vigorous plants without diseases and insect pests were selected on sunny days.The secondary canes with new tendrils on the primary cane of over 80 cm in length were removed before 8:00 and then the primary can was flattened and fixed on the third wire of the vertical hedge with plastic tape.The leaf blades were made on positive side or reverse side,but the leaves remained in a horizontal state.The directions of leaves only could be changed through the new tendrils at a knob,not through the blade by rotating or fixing the petiole to ensure that the petiole and blade were not affected by any external force;The pulling and fixing started in the early morning,and finished before 8:00.Then,the fixed leaves were treated by spraying the growth regulators,and three treatments were

关 键 词：葡萄 向光性 外源GA_(3) 外源S3307 内源激素 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]