不同猕猴桃品种对溃疡病菌的抗性评价及其利用  

Resistance evaluation and utilization of different kiwifruit cultivars to Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae

作　　者：裴艳刚 马利 岁立云[3] 崔永亮[4] 刘晓敏 龚国淑[1] PEI Yangang;MA Li;SUI Liyun;CUI Yongliang;LIU Xiaomin;GONG Guoshu(College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Plant Protection Station,Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Academy of Natural Resources Science,Chengdu 610015,Sichuan,China;Chengdu Zhongji Investment Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610021,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130 [2]四川省农业农村厅植物保护站,成都610041 [3]成都市农林科学院,成都611130 [4]四川省自然资源科学研究院,成都610015 [5]成都中际投资有限公司,成都610021

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第7期1153-1162,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：四川省国际科技创新合作/港澳台科技创新合作项目(020YFH0203);四川省科技计划项目(2021YFN0026,2021YEN0120);雅安市市校合作项目。

摘　　要：【目的】通过评价当前国内主要猕猴桃品种对溃疡病的抗性表现,为猕猴桃抗病品种的利用提供理论依据。【方法】采用枝条离体划伤接种,分别以红阳和海沃德猕猴桃作为抗感参照品种,对12个猕猴桃品种进行室内抗性鉴定;采用自然诱发接种法对23个猕猴桃品种进行田间抗性鉴定;定点监测不同品种在产业化园区中的抗病性表现。并在此基础上,利用筛选出的抗性品种,在重病园区进行改种,探索利用抗病品种防控猕猴桃溃疡病的实际效果。【结果】不同品种抗病性差异显著,室内抗性鉴定12个供试品种,其中抗病2个、中抗4个、中感6个;田间抗性鉴定23个供试品种,其中高抗3个、抗病2个、中抗6个、中感5个、感病4个、高感3个;规模化生产中红阳、Hort16A和金艳等中华猕猴桃品种表现出高度感病,海沃德、翠玉和魁绿品种表现出较高抗性;将红阳与Hort16A高感品种改换为翠香、翠玉、徐香、海沃德等抗病品种后,植株发病率与病情指数显著降低,相对防效超过85%。【结论】供试品种总体抗性趋势由高到低是软枣、毛花猕猴桃品种>美味猕猴桃品种>中华猕猴桃品种,研究结果表明筛选和利用抗病品种是解决猕猴桃溃疡病危害的有效途径。【Objective】Kiwifruit is one of the most popular commercial fruit crops around the world because of its high vitamin C content and good taste.However,kiwifruit bacterial cancer caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)has been widely reported as the biggest limited factor of kiwifruit production.In particular,with the large-scale planting of susceptible cultivars,this disease has displayed a rapid spreading trend in recent years.Utilization of resistant kiwifruit cultivars has always been recognized as the most cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy for disease control,but there is still a lack of knowledge about the disease resistance of different cultivars in kiwifruit production.This study aimed to screen out Psa-resistant kiwifruit cultivars through in vitro and natural induction method and to establish the evaluation criterion for local kiwifruit industry,which will be helpful for effective disease control and resistance breeding in the future.【Methods】For indoor resistance identification,total 12 kiwifruit cultivars were selected for screening through the wounding method of detached branches when the susceptible cultivars Hongyang and Hayward were used as the controls.The bacterial suspension of Psa was prepared to use sterile water to obtain a concentration of 1×108 cfu·mL-1,and kiwifruit cultivars were inoculated with 10 ul bacterial suspension on the annual healthy branches.After 15 days of inoculation,the epidermis of the branches near the inoculation site was cut off,and the size of the lesions was measured.The cultivar resistance was classified as:high susceptibility(HS),the length of the lesion and the degree of browning are greater than those of Hongyang;disease resistance(R),the length of the lesion is less than that of Hayward;medium susceptible(MS),the lesion length is between Hongyang and Hayward,but closer to that of Hongyang;medium resistance(MR),the lesion length is between Hongyang and Hayward,but closer to that of Hayward.For field trails,23 kiwifruit cultivars we

关 键 词：猕猴桃 品种 丁香假单胞杆菌猕猴桃致病变种 溃疡病 抗性 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]