甜菜碱对藏鸡脂肪代谢及其相关基因表达的影响  

Effect of betaine on lipid metabolism and related gene expression in Tibetan chicken

作　　者：姚宏 郑玉才[1] 李志雄 谈永萍[1] 王云浩 陈宇星[1] 徐亚欧[1] 向方成 饶开晴[1] YAO Hong;ZHENG Yucai;LI Zhixiong;TAN Yongping;WANG Yunhao;CHEN Yuxing;XU Ya'ou;XIANG Fangcheng;RAO Kaiqing(College of Life Science and Technology,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Beautiful Garden Agricultural Company of Chengdu,Pengzhou 611930,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,四川成都610041 [2]成都美丽田园农业公司,四川彭州611930

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2021年第7期25-31,共7页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：研究生创新项目(CX2019SZ124);四川省科技计划项目(2020YFSY0048)。

摘　　要：本试验通过在饲粮中添加不同剂量的甜菜碱,探讨其对藏鸡脂肪沉积、血脂和肝脂含量以及肝脏中与脂肪代谢相关基因表达的影响。选择体重相近的180只30周龄藏鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,低、高剂量组分别在基础饲粮中添加1 000 mg/kg、3 000 mg/kg的甜菜碱,试验期为7周。计算平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G),测定腹脂率、血脂及肝脂含量,检测肝脏中与脂肪代谢相关基因的表达。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加低、高剂量的甜菜碱对藏鸡的ADFI、ADG、F/G以及终末重均无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著降低了藏鸡腹脂率且呈现剂量效应(P<0.05);添加低、高剂量的甜菜碱均能显著降低藏鸡血浆中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的含量和提高游离脂肪酸的含量(NEAF)(P<0.05),并且高剂量的甜菜碱还显著提高了血浆中高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)的含量(P<0.05)。低、高剂量的甜菜碱均能显著下调藏鸡肝脏中脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)基因的表达和上调过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体(PPARα)基因的表达(P<0.05),且添加3 000 mg/kg甜菜碱还能显著降低乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)基因的表达量(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加甜菜碱显著降低了藏鸡血脂及肝脂含量,减少藏鸡腹脂沉积,这与肝脏中FAS基因低表达以及PPARα基因高表达密切相关。研究表明,甜菜碱通过降低脂肪合成相关基因的表达,抑制脂肪酸脂化生成甘油三酯,从而调节藏鸡脂肪代谢,其中3 000 mg/kg甜菜碱添加效果更佳。In this experiment, different concentrations of betaine were supplemented to the diet to explore the effect of the alkaloid on fat deposition, blood lipid and liver fat contents, and expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in the liver of Tibetan chickens. A total of 180 30-week-old Tibetan chickens with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate. The control group was fed with a basic diet, and the low and high dose groups were fed with betaine of 1 000 mg/kg and 3 000 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 7 weeks. In the breeding process, the data of consumption of the materials were recorded and used for calculation of the average daily feed intake(ADFI), average daily weight gain(ADG), and the feed/gain ratio(F/G) of the experimental chickens. After the breeding was completed, the terminal weight and abdominal fat percentage of the birds were measured. The contents of blood lipid and liver fat in the birds were measured using a kit, and the expressions of genes related to the lipid metabolism in liver were detected by RT-qPCR. The results were as follows: compared with the control group, the addition of low and high doses of betaine in the diet of the experimental Tibetan chickens had no significant effect on their ADFI, ADG, F/G and terminal weight(P>0.05), but significantly reduced the percentage of abdominal fat in the chickens showing a dose effect in the birds(P<0.05). The addition of low and high doses of betaine significantly reduced the contents of triglyceride( TG),total cholesterol( TC),low-density lipoprotein( LDL-C) in the chickens but increased the content of non-esterified fatty acid( NEAF)( P<0. 05);and high doses of betaine also significantly increased the content of plasma high-density lipoprotein( HDL-C) in the birds( P<0. 05). Both low and high doses of betaine significantly down-regulated the expression of the fatty acid synthase( FAS) gene and up-regulated the expression of the per

关 键 词：甜菜碱 藏鸡 脂肪代谢 基因表达 

分 类 号：S839[农业科学—畜牧学]