‘红阳’猕猴桃花粉直感效应研究  

Effect of pollen xenia on‘Hongyang’kiwifruit

作　　者：杨技超 韩振诚 何茂梅 罗充[2] 李良良 李苇洁 YANG Jichao;HAN Zhencheng;HE Maomei;LUO Chong;LI Liangliang;LI Weijie(Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources,Guiyang 550001;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地资源研究所,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《中国果树》2021年第6期7-12,I0002,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2569);贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2016]1140);省市科技合作项目(52020-2016-S-KT-001);贵州省科研机构创新能力建设项目(黔科合服企[2019]4004);贵州科学院青年基金(黔科院J合字[2017]17)。

摘　　要：为了探讨不同授粉树对‘红阳’猕猴桃坐果率及果实品质的影响,为科学选配授粉树提供依据。收集保存贵州省水城县8个不同品种(优株)授粉树花粉,待‘红阳’猕猴桃雌花大蕾期时进行人工授粉,比较不同花粉授粉下的果实品质差异。结果显示,‘红阳’单果重、种子数、种子重量、种子大小、果形、可溶性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白含量以及干物质含量均表现出明显的花粉直感效应,而果皮茸毛未表现出花粉直感效应,单果重受种子数、种子大小、种子重量及其他因素共同影响。综上,供试花粉中,从花期相遇角度来看,‘红阳’雄株仍然适合作为‘红阳’的授粉树;若具备贮藏条件(-80℃干燥贮藏),可以贵山M38进行人工授粉,用来提高果实含糖量、改善果形。This paper mainly discussed the effect of different pollinizers on fruit setting rate and fruit quality of‘Hongyang’kiwifruit,so as to provide basis for breeding suitable and efficient pollinizers.The flowering period was observed and recorded.8 different species of pollinizers were selected from Shuicheng county,Guizhou Province to compare the pollen characters and preserve the pollens.Artificial pollination was performed when the‘Hongyang’at the big budding period.Fruit quality of different pollination were determinted after kiwifruit ripened.Screen better pollinizers based on flowering phenology,pollen traits,fruit quality and fruit setting rate.The results showed that except on pericarp fluff,the pollen xenia obviously appeared on fruit weight,seed number,seed weight,seed size,fruit shape index,soluble sugar content,titratable acid,soluble solids content,vitamin C,soluble protein and dry matter.The seed number,seed size,seed weight and other factors all affect the single fruit weight.In conclusion,‘Hongyang’♂came still suitable as the supporting pollinizer for‘Hongyang’♀.According to production requirements(Improve the shape and sugar content of the fruit),Guishan M38 can be used for artificial pollination.Guishan M38 and‘Hongyang’bloom asynchronously,it can be solve by dry storage pollen at-80℃until the next year.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 授粉 花粉直感 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]