Ten Years of GIAHS Development in Japan  

日本全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)的十年发展

作　　者：NAGATA Akira YIU Evonne 永田明;姚盈芳(联合国大学可持续发展高等研究所石川金泽支所,日本石川920-0962;联合国大学可持续发展高等研究所,日本东京150-8925,)

机构地区：[1]Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability,Operating Unit Ishikawa/Kanazawa,United Nations University,Ishikawa 920-0962,Japan [2]Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability,United Nations University,Tokyo 150-8925,Japan

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2021年第4期567-577,共11页资源与生态学报（英文版）

摘　　要：Approximately ten years have passed since Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)was introduced to Japan in 2011,with 11 GIAHS sites designated so far.The Japan Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(J-NIAHS),which considers resilience,multi-stakeholder participation and sixth industrialization,was subsequently established in 2016,and has designated 15 J-NIAHS sites.GIAHS sites can be classified into three major types:Landscape,farming method,and genetic resource conservation types,and most Japanese GIAHS sites are of the landscape type.Since there is almost no national subsidy for GIAHS or J-NIAHS,designated sites are expected to secure funding for conservation from their own efforts.For this reason,a voluntary network of the Japanese GIAHS sites has been active in promoting cooperation on GIAHS conservation.The priorities of the Japanese GIAHS have focused on raising public awareness about GIAHS and J-NIAHS,improving livelihoods,as well as fostering the international exchange of experience and knowledge regarding Agricultural Heritage Systems,especially among Japan,China and Korea.自2011年全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)引入日本,已有大约十年的时间。迄今日本已获得11个GIAHS的认定。2016年日本建立了日本国家重要农业遗产(J-NIAHS)体系,该体系考虑了系统弹性、多方利益相关者参与和第六次工业化,至今已认定了15个J-NIAHS。GIAHS可以分为三大类型:景观、耕作方法、遗传资源保护,而日本大多数GIAHS都是景观类型。由于日本的GIAHS和J-NIAHS几乎没有国家补贴,遗产地必须自行筹集资金进行保护。因此,一个由日本各GIAHS遗产地自发成立的合作网络一直在积极推广和促进GIAHS保护方面的合作。日本GIAHS保护的重点在于提高公众对GIAHS和J-NIAHS的认识、改善生计、促进农业文化遗产保护经验和知识的国际交流,特别是日本、中国和韩国之间的交流。

关 键 词：GIAHS agricultural heritage traditional agriculture SUSTAINABILITY BIODIVERSITY LANDSCAPE 

分 类 号：G131.3[文化科学] F331.3[经济管理—产业经济]