洄游鱼类坝下集群的水动力学特征与行为预测  

Habitat hydrodynamic characteristics and behavior forcasting for migratory fish downstream of dams

作　　者：马卫忠 安瑞冬[2] 李敏讷 李嘉[2] MA Weizhong;AN Ruidong;LI Minne;LI Jia(Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited,550081,Guiyang,Guizhou,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,College of Water Resource&Hydropower,Sichuan University,610065,Chengdu,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵州贵阳550081 [2]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期433-440,共8页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0502207);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779162)。

摘　　要：以青藏高原某高坝工程为案例,重点关注鱼类在坝下洄游过程中,生境水力学条件的变化及生态行为学响应.通过综合采用生态调查、原位观测和数值模拟的方法,定量识别鱼类集群效应与上溯路线,解构鱼类集群喜好水深、流速和紊动强度.通过对3-6月过鱼季节典型运行工况的反演,提出适宜鱼类洄游需求的生境水力学条件,实现对过鱼设施效果定量评估和对鱼群行为的预测.A key issue in effective fish pass facility is to set up inlet for fish gathering and attraction. The main difficulty is locating migratory routes and schooling area. A flow pattern could guide fish to find the inlet. Hydraulics is combined with field investigation, in situ experiments and numerical modeling. A quantitative description is expected to build response mechanism between hydraulics and biological behavior. Habitat hydraulics(depth,velocity and turbulence) is analyzed for typical conditions from March to June,to assess fish pass facility effect and predict fish schooling.

关 键 词：鱼道进口 上溯轨迹 坝下集群 生境水动力学 生态行为 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]