低温驯化对自养脱氮颗粒污泥功能活性与菌群结构的影响分析  

Effects of Cold Acclimation on the Activity of Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal in Granular Sludge and Its Bacterial Population Structure

作　　者：钱飞跃[1] 刘雨馨 王建芳[1,2,3] 刘文如 QIAN Fei-yue;LIU Yu-xin;WANG Jian-fang;LIU Wen-ru(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;College of Tianping,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Jiangsu High Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]苏州科技大学天平学院,苏州215009 [3]城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室,苏州215009 [4]江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第7期3422-3429,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878430,51808367);城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室开放课题项目(2019KF02);江苏高校“青蓝工程”中青年优秀骨干教师培养对象项目;江苏省高等学校自然科学研究资助项目(18KJB610019);苏州市科技计划项目(SS201834)。

摘　　要：低温驯化是提高部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)组合工艺低温脱氮效能和运行稳定性的有效方法.为探究低温驯化对污泥特性的具体影响,本文从温度敏感性、颗粒外观形态、胞外聚合物(EPS)组成和微生物群落结构等方面,对中高温培养(30℃)和低温驯化(15℃)PN/A颗粒污泥之间的差异性进行了分析.反应热力学的研究结果表明,驯化污泥(GL)在低温区(10~20℃)的脱氮性能较中高温培养污泥(GH)有了显著提高,总无机氮去除的表观反应活化能(Ea)降低了28.4%.与GH相比,GL的平均粒径减小了25.8%,EPS含量增长了16.6%,颗粒的沉降性能明显下降.由高通量测序结果可知,GL具有更高的菌群多样性,同时,污泥中好氧氨氧化菌(Nitrosomonas)与厌氧氨氧化菌(CandidatusKuenenia)的丰度比值(0.04)远小于GH的0.34.这意味着颗粒污泥在低温环境中对慢速生长自养菌仍具有较强的截留能力.上述发现为解析PN/A污泥在低温条件下的自适应机制,推动组合工艺的工程化应用提供了重要参考.Cold acclimation is an effective approach for improving the nitrogen removal performance and operational stability of partial nitritation/ANAMMOX (PN/A) combined processes at low temperatures.To explore the specific effects of cold acclimation on the characteristics of sludge,differentiations in temperature sensitivity,granular morphology,composition of extracellular polymer substance (EPS),and bacterial community structure between PN/A granular sludges cultivated at medium-high temperature (30℃)and acclimated to low temperature (15℃) were investigated in this study.The results of reaction thermodynamics showed that the nitrogen removal performance of the granules acclimated to low temperature (GL) was significantly higher than that of those cultivated at medium-high temperature (GH) under the low temperature (10-20℃),and the apparent activation energy (Ea) of total inorganic nitrogen removal for the former was decreased by 28.4%.Compared with GH,GLhad a smaller average particle size of 25.8%and higher EPS contents of 16.6%,resulting in a significant lower settling property.Based on the high-throughput sequencing results,GLexhibited a higher diversity of bacterial community,and a lower relative abundance ratio (0.04) of aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas) and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (CandidatusKuenenia) than 0.34 for GH.It indicated that the PN/A granules held a strong ability to retain slow-growing autotrophic bacteria in the system,even under low temperatures.These findings could provide meaningful references for analyzing the self-adaption mechanisms of PN/A sludge to low temperature conditions and promote the industrial application of combined processes.

关 键 词：低温驯化 颗粒污泥 全自养脱氮 反应自由能 污泥形态 菌群结构 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]