深圳市不同土类的重金属环境背景值与理化性质特征  

Environmental Background Values of Heavy Metals and Physicochemical Properties in Different Soils in Shenzhen

作　　者：林挺 赵述华 郗秀平 杨坤 吴静雅 朱艳 罗飞 LIN Ting;ZHAO Shu-hua;XI Xiu-ping;YANG Kun;WU Jing-ya;ZHU Yan;LUO Fei(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology,Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science,Shenzhen 518001,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市环境科学研究院,国家环境保护饮用水水源地管理技术重点实验室,深圳518001

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第7期3518-3526,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0506605)。

摘　　要：城市土壤环境背景值特征研究可为制定区域土壤背景值标准提供科学依据.为摸清深圳市不同土类重金属(Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni、Pb、Co、V、Cd和Hg)的环境背景值特征,探究重金属环境背景值与土壤理化性质的关系,在全市布设500个土壤背景点位,采用多点增量法采集500个土壤表层(0~20 cm)样品,赤红壤405个,红壤77个,黄壤18个.结果表明:(1)红壤重金属的背景值整体偏低,赤红壤Cr、Ni、Co和V以及黄壤Cu、Zn、Hg、Pb和Cd的背景值高于其他土类;3种土类中Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni、Co和V的背景值比全国"七五"背景值低,Cd和Hg背景值与全国"七五"背景值较为接近,Pb背景值高于全国"七五"背景值;(2)9种重金属背景值的空间分布规律差异较大,Pb、Zn和Co呈明显的地带性分布格局,Cr、Cu、Ni、V、Cd和Hg表现为点状分布格局;(3)将不同土类重金属背景值与理化性质参数进行相关性分析,发现赤红壤重金属背景值与理化性质的相关性最为显著;(4)通过逐步回归分析,将赤红壤中重金属背景值与理化性质参数的关系进行定量化表达,探明影响赤红壤重金属背景值的理化性质参数依次为机械组成、p H、有机质和阳离子交换量.Research on the characteristics of environmental background values of soil can provide a scientific basis for setting regional standards for soils. To determine the characteristics of environmental background values and main influencing factors of heavy metals( Cr,Cu,Zn,Ni,Pb,Co,V,Cd,and Hg) in soils in Shenzhen,500 topsoil samples( 0-20 cm) were collected by decision unit multi increment sampling( DUMS) from 500 soil background sites in the whole city,including 405 latosolic red soil,77 red soil,and18 yellow soil samples. The results show that the concentrations of heavy metals in red soil are relatively low in general,and those of Cr,Ni,Co,and V in latosolic red soil and Cu,Zn,Hg,Pb,and Cd in yellow soil are higher. Compared with the environmental background values of soil in the Seventh Five-year Plan of China in 1980 s,the concentrations of Cr,Cu,Zn,Ni,Co,and V in latosolic red soil,red soil,and yellow soil are lower,the concentrations of Cd and Hg are similar,and the concentration of Pb is higher. The spatial distribution patterns of the nine heavy metals are significantly different. Pb,Zn,and Co present an obvious zonal distribution pattern,while Cr,Cu,Ni,V,Cd,and Hg present a point-like distribution pattern. Moreover,the correlation analysis between heavy metal content and physicochemical properties of different soils showed that the correlation between heavy metal content and physicochemical properties of latosolic red soil was the most significant. Stepwise regression analysis was used to elucidate the relationship between heavy metal content in latosolic red soil,and physicochemical properties were quantified. The physicochemical properties affecting heavy metal content in latosolic red soil were found to be mechanical composition,p H,organic matter,and cation exchange capacity.

关 键 词：赤红壤 红壤 黄壤 土壤背景值 多点增量采样 逐步回归分析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]