疫情防控下城市常规公交与定制公交的协同优化  

Collaborative Optimization of Urban Conventional Bus and Customized Bus Under Epidemic Prevention and Control

作　　者：申婵 孙峣[2] 崔洪军 SHEN Chan;SUN Yao;CUI Hongjun(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute,Tianjin 300051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津300401 [2]天津市市政工程设计研究院,天津300051

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第7期34-41,共8页Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678212)。

摘　　要：公共交通系统人流密集、交通工具内部空间狭小且封闭,是疫情扩散的高危环境,定制公交“一人一座”、“一站直达”的特点恰好与疫情防控要求相契合。因此,综合常规公交和定制公交优势,文中提出了疫情防控下城市常规公交与定制公交的协同优化方法,建立了考虑风险成本、运营成本和出行成本的总成本最小化模型,并设计了改进的列生成算法求解该模型。结果显示:文中提出的协同优化方案显著优于独立常规公交方案和定制公交方案,并保障了乘客的服务水平;随着风险等级的降低,常规公交线路条数增加,定制公交线路减少,总服务人数随着疫情等级的降低而增大,证实了定制公交对疫情防控的有益效果,为疫情防控下的公共交通系统优化提供了理论指导。The public transport space is a high-risk environment for the spread of the epidemic because of the dense flow of people and the narrow and closed internal space of the vehicles.The characteristics of customized bus“one person,one seat”and“one stop direct”are just in line with the requirements of epidemic prevention and control.Therefore,considering the advantages of conventional bus and customized bus,this paper proposed a collaborative optimization method of urban conventional bus and customized bus under epidemic prevention and control.It established a total cost minimization model considering risk cost,operation cost and travel cost,and designed an improved column generation algorithm to solve the model.The results show that:the collaborative optimization scheme proposed in this paper is significantly better than the independent conventional bus scheme and customized bus scheme,and ensures the service level of passengers;with the decrease of risk level,the number of conventional bus lines increases,the number of customized bus lines decreases,and the total number of service increases with the decrease of epidemic level.The study confirms the beneficial effect of customized bus on epidemic prevention and control and provides a theoretical guidance for the optimization of public transport system under the situation prevention and control.

关 键 词：疫情防控 定制公交 协同优化 改进列生成算法 安全风险成本 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]