耐热型聚氨酯的合成制备与性能  

Synthesis and properties of heat-resistant polyurethane

作　　者：曾晓燕 温翊 张伟丽 向鸿霞 李又兵[1,2,3] 杨朝龙 ZENG Xiaoyan;WEN Yi;ZHANG Weili;XIANG Hongxia;LI Youbing;YANG Chaolong(School of Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054, China;Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Institutions of Higher Education for Mould Technology,Chongqing 400054, China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400054, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆40054 [2]重庆市模具技术重点实验室,重庆40054 [3]汽车零部件先进制造技术教育部重点实验室,重庆40054

出　　处：《功能材料》2021年第7期7191-7196,共6页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：重庆市教委重大科技资助项目(KJZD-M201901101);重庆市教委创新团队资助项目(CXQT19027)。

摘　　要：提高聚氨酯耐热性能是聚氨酯应用研究热点。文章以聚醚多元醇(PPG)、4,4′—二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、3,3—二氯—4,4—二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA)为主要原料,采用预聚体法制备聚氨酯(PU),探讨了扩链系数对聚氨酯耐热性能的影响。结果表明,随着扩链系数的增加,聚氨酯的综合力学性能、耐热性能先升高后降低,动态机械分析(DMA)显示,增加扩链系数使得PU玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的内耗峰向高温方向移动。当扩链系数为0.04时,聚氨酯力学性能最佳,拉伸强度为64.16 MPa,弯曲强度为84.69 MPa,冲击韧性为8.88 kJ/m^(2),阻尼因子最大值(Tanδmax)为1.108,热分解初始温度达到315℃。Improving the heat resistance of polyurethane is a hot topic in the application of polyurethane.Polyurethane(PU)is prepared by prepolymer method with polyether polyol(PPG),4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI)and 3,3-dichloro-4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane(MOCA)as main raw materials.The effect of chain extension coefficient on the properties of PU is discussed.The results show that with the increase of chain extension coefficient,the comprehensive mechanical properties and heat resistance of PU first increase and then decrease.Dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA)shows that the internal friction peak of glass transition temperature(TG)of PU shifted to high temperature with the increase of chain extension coefficient.When the chain extension coefficient is 0.04,the mechanical properties of polyurethane are the best,the tensile strength is 64.16 MPa,the bending strength is 84.69 MPa,the impact toughness is 8.88 kJ/m^(2),the maximum damping factor(Tanδmax)is 1.108,and the initial thermal decomposition temperature reaches 315℃.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 扩链系数 力学性能 热性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]