去盲肠法、套管法和屠宰法测定鸡饲粮氨基酸表观消化率的比较  

Comparison of Cecectomy,Canulation or Slaughter Methods to Determine Apparent Digestibilities of Amino Acid in Diet for Roosters

作　　者：陈将 于耀 邹轶 杜中原 王钰明[2] 谭会泽 刘松柏 曾述礼 贺喜[1] 赵峰[2] CHEN Jiang;YU Yao;ZOU Yi;DU Zhongyuan;WANG Yuming;TAN Huize;LIU Songbai;ZENG Shuli;HE Xi;ZHAO Feng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Wen’s Food Group Co.,Ltd.,Xinxing 527439,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]温氏食品集团股份有限公司,新兴527439

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第7期4098-4109,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31972586);温氏食品集团股份有限公司与中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所合作项目(2019⁃YF⁃06);湖南省科技人才托举工程(2020TJ⁃Q02);湖南农业大学“双一流”建设项目(SYL201802015)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究去盲肠法收集排泄物及套管法、屠宰法收集回肠食糜在测定二氧化钛(TiO2)、氨基酸含量及饲粮氨基酸表观消化率的差异,为选择合适的氨基酸表观消化率测定方法提供参考。对186只黄羽肉鸡分2批(第1批39只,第2批147只;平均体重1.40~1.52 kg)实施去盲肠手术,47只黄羽肉鸡(平均体重1.51 kg)实施回肠末端套管安装手术,观察其术后恢复状况。采用单因素完全随机设计,分为3个处理,即去盲肠法排泄物、屠宰法回肠食糜和套管法回肠食糜。通过去盲肠法和套管法获得的样品每个处理6个重复,每个重复2只鸡;通过屠宰获得的样品每个处理6个重复,每个重复3只鸡。测定经肉鸡消化后的不同样品来源的氨基酸表观消化率。结果表明:1)去盲肠手术和回肠套管手术肉鸡在术后第7天、第14天和第21天增重均无显著差异(P>0.05)。第1批、第2批去盲肠手术和回肠套管手术肉鸡术后3个月的死亡及淘汰率分别为23.1%、20.4%和33.9%。2)去盲肠法排泄物、套管法回肠食糜和屠宰法回肠食糜中TiO2含量有显著差异(P<0.05)。去盲肠法排泄物中半胱氨酸、苏氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著低于套管法回肠食糜(P<0.05),组氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙氨酸含量显著高于套管法回肠食糜和屠宰法回肠食糜(P<0.05)。套管法回肠食糜中半胱氨酸、苏氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于屠宰法回肠食糜(P<0.05)。3)去盲肠全收粪法测定的饲粮半胱氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、天冬氨酸和脯氨酸表观消化率均显著高于套管法(P<0.05),去盲肠全收粪法测定的饲粮组氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸和苯丙氨酸表观消化率显著低于屠宰法(P<0.05),套管法测定的饲粮半胱氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸和总氨基酸表观消化率均显著低于屠宰法(P<0.05)。4)总体上,去盲肠法和屠宰法测定的This experiment was conducted to compare the contents of titanium dioxide(TiO2)and amino acid and apparent digestibilities of amino acid in diet of excreta collected by cecectomy,ileal digesta collected by cannulation and slaughter methods,to provide a proper reference to determine apparent digestibilies of amino acid. One hundred and eighty-six yellow-feathered roosters(n = 39 for the first batch,n = 147 for the second batch;average body weight ranged from 1.40 to 1.52 kg)were cecectomized and 47 yellow-feathered roosters(average body was 1.51 kg)were surgically fitted with a cannula in the distal ileum,and the recovery after operation was observed. A single factor completely random deign was adopted,3 treatments were excreta in cecectomy,ileal digesta in cannulation method and ileal digesta in slaughter. There were 6 replicates in each treatment and 2 roosters in each replicate of samples collected by cecectomy and cannulation methods;there were 6 replicates in each treatment and 3 roosters in each replicate of samples collected by slaughter method.The apparent digestibilities of amino acid of different sources of broilers digested samples was determined. The results showed as follows:1)there was no significant difference in body weight gain on days 7,14 and 21 after operation between cecectomized roosters and cannulated roosters(P>0.05). The death and cull rates at 3 months after the operation of the first and second batch of cecectomized roosters and cannulated roosters were23.1%,20.4% and 33.9%,respectively. 2)There was a significant difference in TiO2 content in excreta in cecectomy,ileal digesta in cannulation method and ileal digesta in slaughter method(P<0.05). The contents of cysteine,threonine and proline in excreta in cecectomy were significantly lower than those in ileal digesta in cannulation method(P<0.05),and the contents of histidine,lysine,glycine and phenylalanine were significantly higher than those in ileal digesta in cannulation method and ileal digesta in slaughter method(P<0.05).The conten

关 键 词：去盲肠 回肠套管 回肠食糜 氨基酸表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]