印度在克什米尔问题上的合法性危机及其政策形成与发展  

India’s Legitimacy Crisis of Kashmir as well as Its Policy Making and Development

作　　者：齐仁达 QI Renda(CICIR)

机构地区：[1]中国现代国际关系研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2021年第4期106-128,共23页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

摘　　要：自1947年以来,克什米尔争端始终是印巴关系的焦点问题之一。英国关于印巴分治的方案中规定土邦既拥有选择加入印度或巴基斯坦的自由,也拥有保持独立的自由,但未明确到底是土邦统治者还是土邦人民拥有决定土邦政治地位的权力。印巴在朱纳加德土邦归属问题上,就争议土邦的归属问题的解决方式达成共识,即应尊重土邦人民的意愿,因此印度在查谟和克什米尔土邦王公签署《合并协议》后仍承诺需通过公投确认查谟和克什米尔的未来,但公投一直未能举行造成了印度的合法性危机。合法性危机成为塑造印度克什米尔政策的重要动因。2019年,印度人民党政府强行废除宪法第370条,印度的强势行动对其主权声索造成了新的合法性危机。The Kashmir dispute has always been one of the focal issues of India-Pakistan relations since 1947.The British plan for the partition of India and Pakistan stipulates that the states have the freedom to join India or Pakistan and the freedom to maintain independence,but it is not clear whether the ruler or the people of the states have the power to determine the political status of the states.When resolving the issue of the ownership of the Junagadh State,India and Pakistan reached a consensus on the settlement of the disputed state,that is,the will of the people of the state should be respected.Therefore,after the Maharajah of Jammu and Kashmir signed the Instrument of Accession,India still promised to confirm the future of Jammu and Kashmir through a referendum.However,the failure to hold the referendum caused a legitimacy crisis in India.The legitimacy crisis has become an important motivation for shaping India’s Kashmir policy.In 2019,the Bharatiya Janata Party government forcibly repealed Article 370 of the Constitution which created a new legitimacy crisis for India’s sovereignty claims.

关 键 词：印度 克什米尔 合法性危机 印巴关系 

分 类 号：D835.1[政治法律—政治学]