矿物基础油的生物降解性能评价  

Evaluation on the biodegradability of mineral base oils

作　　者：王顺祥 方建华 WANG Shun-xiang;FANG Jian-hua(Applied Geology Research Center of China Geological Survey,Chengdu 610036,China;Petroleum,Oil&Lubricants Department,Army Logistics University,Chongqing 401311,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局应用地质研究中心,四川成都610036 [2]陆军勤务学院油料系,重庆401331

出　　处：《石化技术与应用》2021年第4期267-270,275,共5页Petrochemical Technology & Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(项目编号:50975282);重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究基金项目(项目编号:CSTC 2017 JCYJAX 0058)。

摘　　要：采用润滑油生物降解性快速测定法对12种矿物基础油的生物降解性能进行了评价,并考察了5种润滑添加剂对矿物基础油150 SN生物降解性能的影响。结果表明:12种矿物基础油的生物降解性指数(BDI值)在20.3%~58.2%,均属于难降解物质;矿物基础油的运动黏度、环烷烃和芳烃质量分数以及精制程度影响其生物降解性能;在矿物基础油150 SN中分别添加质量分数为2%的润滑油添加剂T 301,T 307,T 321,T 203后,相应生物降解性能均变差,其中T 203的影响最大,可使150 SN的BDI值降低22.0个百分点,但润滑油添加剂BODEA对150 SN的生物降解能力有明显促进作用。The biodegradability of 12 kinds of mineral base oils was evaluated by rapid biodegradability assessment method of lubricating oils,and the effects of 5 types of lubricating additives on the biodegradability of 150 SN mineral base oil were investigated.The results showed that all the 12 kinds of mineral base oils were refractory substances with biodegradation index(BDI)ranging from 20.3%to 58.2%.The kinematic viscosity,the mass fraction of cycloalkanes and aromatics,and the degree of refinement of mineral base oils affected their biodegradability.After adding 2%T 301,T 307,T 321 and T 203 to 150 SN mineral base oil respectively,the biodegradability of 150 SN mineral base oil had decreased,and T 203 had the greatest influence,which had reduced the BDI value of 150 SN mineral base oil by 22.0 percent points.BODEA could significantly promote the biodegradability of 150 SN mineral base oil.

关 键 词：润滑油 矿物基础油 润滑添加剂 生物降解性能 生物降解性指数 运动黏度 环烷烃 芳烃 

分 类 号：TE626.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]