毛乌素沙地不同水面蒸发器折算系数研究  

Study on Conversion Coefficient of Different Water Surface Evaporators in Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：杨亮彦 孟婷婷 武丹 YANG Liang-yan;MENG Ting-ting;WU Dan(Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd,Xi′an 710075,China;Institute of Land Engineering and Technology,Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710021,China;Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering,the Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi′an 710021,China;Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi′an 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,西安710075 [2]陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司,西安710021 [3]自然资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,西安710021 [4]陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,西安710075

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第7期55-59,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：陕西省土地工程建设集团内部项目(DJNY2020-30,DJNY2021-33)。

摘　　要：为探究毛乌素沙地不同蒸发器折算系数及水面蒸发量的时空变化规律,通过收集毛乌素沙地7个气象站点E-601型和20 cm口径小型蒸发器的同期观测数据,利用线性拟合方法,探究了毛乌素沙地两种水面蒸发器的折算系数K,并分析了毛乌素沙地水面蒸发量的年内和年际变化规律。毛乌素沙地E-601型与20 cm口径小型蒸发器的监测数据相关性较好,K值在0.5616~0.6649之间,全区域平均为0.6324,且两种水面蒸发器折算系数在5-9月逐月增大;各气象站的水面蒸发量年内变化规律一致,6月份最大,其最大值与气温相比存在1个月的差异性;年际水面蒸发量呈波动性变化,具有显著下降的趋势,平均下降速率为64.3 mm/10a,在空间分布上呈现西南到西北逐渐变大的总体趋势。毛乌素沙地K值每月差异性明显,呈现春季小,秋季大的特点;在气候变暖的背景下毛乌素沙地水面蒸发量不断下降,表明生态工程等人类活动改善了毛乌素沙地生态环境。The paper aimed to explore the conversion coefficients of different evaporators and the temporal and spatial variation of water surface evaporation,so as to provide theoretical support for the rational development and utilization of water resources in Mu Us Sandy Land.By collecting the simultaneous observation data of E-601 and 20 cm caliber small evaporators from 7 meteorological stations in Mu Us Sandy Land,the conversion coefficient K of two kinds of water surface evaporators in Mu Us Sandy Land was studied by linear fitting method and the annual and interannual variation rules of water surface evaporation were analyzed.There was a good correlation between the monitoring data of E-601 and 20 cm caliber small evaporators in Mu Us Sandy Land,and the K value was between 0.5616 and 0.6649.The average of the whole region was 0.6324,and the conversion coefficients of the two kinds of water surface evaporation increased month by month from May to September.The annual variation of water surface evaporation of each meteorological station was the same,with the maximum in June,and its maximum value had a lag of one month compared with the air temperature.The interannual water surface evaporation showed a fluctuating change,with a significant downward trend,and the average decline rate was 64.3 mm/10a,which showed an overall trend of increasing from southwest to northwest in spatial distribution.The K value of Mu Us Sandy Land varied obviously from month to month,showing the characteristics of small in spring and large in autumn.The water surface evaporation in Mu Us Sandy Land is decreasing under the background of climate warming,indicating that human activities,such as ecological engineering,have improved the ecological environment of Mu Us Sandy Land.

关 键 词：毛乌素沙地 水面蒸发量 E-601型蒸发器 20 cm口径小型蒸发器 折算系数 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程] P426.2[农业科学—农业工程]