基于布儒斯特定律测量折射率的设计与实现  

Design and realization of measuring refractive index based on Brewster law

作　　者：董锡杰 曹尚文 徐嘉璐 谭昕暘 熊祖钊[1] 李钰[1] DONG Xijie;CAO Shangwen;XU Jialu;TAN Xinyang;XIONG Zuzhao;LI Yu(Provincial Teaching Demonstration Center,Department of Applied Physics,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学应用物理系省级示范中心,武汉430065

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2021年第6期117-120,125,共5页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(11804260);国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(201910488014);湖北省高等学校实验室研究项目(HBSY2019-05);湖北省高等学校省级教学研究项目(2017257、2018246);武汉科技大学校级重点教学研究项目(2019Z013)。

摘　　要：该文基于布儒斯特定律提出了一种可以对固体和液体两种形态介质的折射率进行测量的方案,并设计了测量装置。根据自制的测量装置内激光反射特点,利用布儒斯特定律推导出了介质折射率与器件距离之间的计算公式。将直接测量量由传统的角度转换为长度,借助螺旋测微装置提高测量精度并实现测量的连续性。分别对固体(黑玻璃)和液体(蒸馏水、乙醇)两种形态介质折射率进行了测量,结果表明测量值和标准值之间的误差小。该装置可用于实验教学,通过实验设计及教学探讨提升学生综合能力、创新能力。In this paper, based on Brewster’s law, a scheme is proposed to measure the refractive index of solid and liquid media, and a measuring device is designed. According to the laser reflection characteristics of the self-made measuring device, the calculation formula between the refractive index of the medium and the distance of the device is derived by using Brewster’s law. The direct measurement is converted from the traditional angle to length, the measurement accuracy is improved, and the continuity of measurement is realized by means of the screw micrometer. The refractive index of solid(black glass) and liquid(distilled water, ethanol) media are measured respectively, and the results show that the error between the measured value and the standard value is small. The device can be used in experimental teaching to improve students’ comprehensive ability and innovation ability through experimental design and teaching discussion.

关 键 词：布儒斯特定律 折射率 螺旋测微装置 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]