不同放牧强度对天山北坡春场植物群落数量特征的影响  

Effects of Different Grazing Intensity on the Change of Grassland Plant Community in Spring Pastures on the North Slope of Tianshan Mountain

作　　者：陈强[1] 史明[1] 徐俊 贠静[1] 朱昊[1] CHEN Qiang;SHI Ming;XU Jun;YUN Jing;ZHU Hao(Institute of Grass Industry,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Engineering Consulting Center of Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences,Urumqi830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院草业研究所,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆畜牧科学院工程咨询中心,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《草食家畜》2021年第4期33-37,43,共6页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目“南疆优质饲草料种植技术示范与全价饲料应用推广”(ky2018002):国家科技支撑计划课题“新疆草原牧区生态保护利用与牧民定居区饲草料生产保障技术研究与示范”(2012BAD13B03)。

摘　　要：通过研究示范户春季牧场不同放牧强度下(零放牧、适度放牧、重度放牧)草地植被盖度、高度、密度、地上生物量、地下生物量及优势种重要值的变化,分析放牧强度对草地植物数量特征产生的影响,从而进一步综合评估放牧强度和植物群落数量特征的辩证关系,为合理适度利用草地提供依据。分析表明,通过两年的试验,零放牧、适度放牧、重度放牧前后对草地植物群落数量指标均产生不同程度的影响,零放牧前后地上生物量差异极显著(P<0.01),增加幅度明显;优势种重要值变化不大。In this paper,by studying the changes in grassland vegetation coverage,height,density,above-ground biomass,underground biomass,and important values of dominant species under different grazing intensities(zero grazing,moderate grazing,and heavy grazing)in spring pastures of the demonstration households,the effects of different grazing intensity on grassland plants were analyzed,then the dialectical relationship between the grazing intensity and the quantitative characteristics of the plant community were further comprehensively evaluated,for the purpose of providing a basis for the rational and appropriate use of grassland.The analysis showed that through two years of experiments,zero grazing,moderate grazing,and heavy grazing had different degrees of impact on the number of grassland plant communities.The above-ground biomass before and after zero grazing had an extremely significant difference(P<0.01),the increase is obvious;the important value of the dominant species had little change.

关 键 词：春季牧场 放牧强度 草地植物群落 草地退化 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]