长江下游鳊种群生长及繁殖特性  

Population growth and reproduction characteristics of Parabramis pekinensis in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：刘思磊 王银平[1] 李佩杰 曹过 汪雷 代培 胡敏琦 刘凯[1,2] LIU Si-lei;WANG Yin-ping;LI Pei-jie;CAO Guo;WANG Lei;DAI Pei;HU Min-qi;LIU Kai(Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,CAFS,Wuxi 214081,Jiangsu,China;National Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无惕214081 [2]水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第7期2146-2154,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏省水生生物资源重大专项(ZYHB16);农业财政专项“长江渔业资源与环境调查”(CJDC-2017-22);三峡工程运行安全综合监测系统水生生物与渔业资源监测站(下游站)(2019-10-160)资助。

摘　　要：为了解长江下游鳊种群生长特征和繁殖特性,于2017—2018年连续4个季度在长江下游铜陵、芜湖、当涂、镇江、靖江、南通江段共采集鳊样本1040尾。采样群体体长为84.79~305.00 mm,体质量为8.50~673.39 g,雌雄比例为1∶0.97。样本年龄为1~6龄,其中2~3龄为优势年龄组,占比为87.79%。Von Bertalanffy生长方程Lt=331.09×[1-e^(-0.22(t+0.27))]、Wt=589.05×[1-e^(-0.22(t+0.27))]^(2.964),生长拐点年龄t_(i)=4.67 a,拐点体质量为174.00 g,对应体长为219.42 mm。对其中24尾样本进行了解剖,绝对繁殖力为1630~154247粒,均值为35792±39381粒;相对单位体重繁殖力(FW)10.99~383.70粒·g^(-1),平均值120.06±89.68粒·g^(-1),相对单位体长繁殖力(FL)7.89~598.44粒·mm^(-1),平均值为142.23±135.78粒·mm^(-1),绝对繁殖力与体长、体质量分别呈线性、指数关系。结果表明,长江下游鳊年龄结构简单,低龄个体占优势,繁殖潜力较弱,但生长参数处于较高水平,应采取相应的保护措施,保护其种群资源可持续利用。To understand the growth and reproduction characteristics of Parabramis pekinensis in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,we collected 1040 samples from Tongling,Wuhu,Dangtu,Zhenjiang,Jingjiang,and Nantong sections for four consecutive quarters from 2017 to 2018.Body length of the fishes ranged from 84.79 to 305.00 mm.Body weight ranged from 8.50 to 673.39 g.The ratio of male to female was 1∶0.97.The ages ranged from 1 to 6 years.Individuals with 2 and 3 years old dominated the population,with a contribution of 87.9%.Von Bertalanffy growth equations were as follows:Lt=331.09×[1-e(-0.22t+0.27)],Wt=589.05×[1-e^(-0.22(t+0.27))]^(2.964).The inflection point age of growth was t_(i)=4.67 a,the corresponding body weight was 174.00 g,and the corresponding body length was 219.42 mm.By dissecting 24 samples,we recorded that the absolute fecundity ranged from 1630 to 154247 grains,with an average of 35792±39381 grains.The relative fecundity per unit weight was 10.99-383.70 grains·g^(-1),with an average of 120.06±89.68 grains·g^(-1).The relative fecundity per unit length was 7.89-598.44 grains·mm^(-1),with an average of 142.23±135.78 grains·mm^(-1).The absolute fecundity had a linear and exponential relationship with body length and weight,respectively.Our results indicate simple age structure of Parabramis pekinensis in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with young individuals predominantly and weak reproductive potential,but a higher level of the growth parameters.Corresponding protective measures should be taken for the sustainable use of Parabramis pekinensis resources.

关 键 词：长江下游 鳊 年龄 生长 繁殖特性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]