20世纪初期日本的东亚“同文”主张与亚洲主义——以“汉字统一会”为中心的考察  

The Proposition of Unifying the Language of East Asia and the Asianism in Japan in the Early 20^(th) Century

作　　者：林翔 Lin Xiang

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《世界历史》2021年第3期88-103,146,147,共18页World History

摘　　要："汉字统一会"是20世纪初期伊泽修二等在日本发起成立的文化组织。历史上,日本和韩国都长期使用源自中国的汉字,并将其作为本国文字的重要组成部分。日本在明治维新后,文字改革方案频出,废除或限制汉字、重塑日本的"国字"等改革主张呼声甚高。在此背景下,日本国粹派提出"汉字国字论",主张从日本"国字"角度来选择和使用汉字,这为"汉字统一会"统一东亚文字的论调提供了思想资源。汉字统一会的"总设计师"是伊泽修二,他主张以汉字为东亚思想交流的利器。"汉字统一会"反对废除汉字,主张择取汉字中"共通实用"的部分,其实就是试图将日本的限制汉字政策推广到东亚。该组织整理汉字的目标不限于统一文字,他们还主张统一语言,实质是为日本侵略亚洲做文化准备。The Chinese Character Unification Association is a cultural organisation which was initiated and established by Japan in the early 20^(th) century.Historically,Japan and South Korea used the Chinese characters for a long time,taking the Chinese characters as an important part of their own language.After the Meiji Restoration in Japan,the propositions regarding the reform of writing appeared frequently,aiming at abolishing(or restricting)the Chinese characters and reshaping‘National characters’of Japan.In this context,the quintessence School of Japan put forward a theory that‘the Chinese characters are Japanese-national characters.’They proposed to choose and use the Chinese characters as‘the national characters of the Japanese’,which provided a theoretical basis for the Chinese Character Unification Association.Shuji Isawa is the‘chief designer’of the Chinese CharacterUnification Association.In his view,the Chinese characters was a useful tool which can exchange ideas among East Asia.In essence,this means that Japan extended its policy of restricting the promotion of the Chinese characters to East Asia.The organisation aimed at unifying the writing as well as the language of East Asia,substantially making the cultural preparation for the Japanese invasion of Aisa.

关 键 词：日本 汉字统一会 伊泽修二 汉字国字论 东亚同文 亚洲主义 

分 类 号：K313.4[历史地理—历史学] H12[历史地理—世界史]